Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Microevolution can be defined as the changes that occur in the alleles or the genotypes. It leads to the development of minute changes across generations. Microevolution comprises microevolutionary forces that contribute to the process of evolution.
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Which of the following statements is true about the effects of mutations in somatic cells and gametes?
A.
Only mutations in gametes can affect future generations.
B.
Only mutations in somatic cells can affect future generations.
C.
Neither mutations in somatic cells or gametes can affect future generations.
D.
Mutations in both somatic cells and gametes can affect future generations.
Griffith's experiment demonstrated a "bacterial transformation" that
A. brought heat-killed bacteria back to life.
B. caused two non-virulent bacterial strains to become virulent.
C. allowed a bacteriophage to inject proteins into mice.
D. caused two virulent bacterial strains to become non-virulent.2. An organism that has more chromosomes than is appropriate for its species is said to be A. diploid.. triploid. C. aneuploid. D. euploid.
3. During which cellular process does the enzyme helicase play an essential role? A. DNA replication B. Amino acid synthesis C. RNA transference D. Protein synthesis
Usually, the mutant alleles studied in Drosophila experiments are recessive because:
A.
they are difficult to create.
B.
they are loss of function mutations.
C.
they do not survive as long as dominant alleles.
D.
they do not occur in wild-type flies.
Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 23 - a. What is a major source of genetic variation for...Ch. 23 - In a population of 200 mice, 98 are homozygous...Ch. 23 - Use the allele frequencies you determined in...Ch. 23 - Practice using the Hardy-Weinberg equation so that...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5IQCh. 23 - Why hasnt the highly deleterious sickle-cell...Ch. 23 - a. What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? b. Define...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 23 - Mice have an estimated 1,000 olfactory receptor...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 23 - If a population has the following genotype...Ch. 23 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 23 - In a random sample of a population of shorthorn...Ch. 23 - Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population...Ch. 23 - Porphyria variegata is a genetic disease...Ch. 23 - Cystic fibrosis is a very serious genetic disorder...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 21TYK
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- In a few organisms, traits encoded by mtDNA can be inherited from either parent. This observation indicates that in these organisms, a. mitochondria do not exhibit replicative segregation. b. heteroplasmy is present. c. both sperm and eggs contribute cytoplasm to the zygote. d. there are multiple copies of mtDNA in each cell.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? a. Linear chromosome structures observed in a karyotype are actually pairs of sister chromatids. b. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells divide through binary fission. c. Because chromosomes of prokaryotes are smaller than eukaryotic chromosomes, prokaryotic nuclei are also smaller. d. The genetic information found in a eukaryotic chromosome makes up the cell's entire genome.arrow_forwardWhich of the following evolutionary changes is an illustration of horizontal gene transfer? the human point mutation which changes a T into an A in the sickle-cell b-globin gene B. origin of the tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) from its diploid ancestor (Solanum stenotomum) non-disjunction of the duplicated human chromosome 21, causing Down’s syndrome D. the green sea slug acquiring the genes for making chlorophyll from the chloroplasts of green algae the single gene deletion which can reduce the variety of mating types in yeastarrow_forward
- Can chromosome duplications cause negative effects to an organism? Why or why not? A. No. Duplicated regions of chromosomes are quickly lost by looping out during meiosis. B. Yes. Duplicated regions increase gene dosage, which affects processes like development that require specific amounts of protein. C. No. Cells with duplications function even more efficiently than those without duplications. D. No. Duplicated regions of chromosomes cannot affect gene dosage because the cell can always compensate for extra copies of genes. E. Yes. Duplicated regions require DNA to be replicated, which delays the cell cycle and wastes energy.arrow_forwardWhen the chromosomes of closely related species are compared, a. the banding patterns are often similar. b. a few structural alterations may be seen. c. a change in chromosome number may be seen. d. all of the above are commonly observed.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true regarding the presence of a multigene family? A. Multigene families are produced by any sort of chromosomal rearrangement. B. Multigene families are produced whenever a transposon is inserted into a gene. C. Multigene families are produced by all types of mutation, including single base substitutions. D. Multigene families are produced by some mutations that involve duplication.arrow_forward
- In the lab, you discover two yeast haploid mutants that cannot produce arginine. You cross them together and the resulting diploid produces arginine. If producing arginine is the wild type phenotype, what can you definitively conclude? A.The haploid strains have identical mutations in the same genes. B.The haploid strains have identical mutations in different genes. C.The haploid strains have mutations in different genes. D.The haploid strains have mutations in the same gene. E.The haploid strains must belong to the complementation group encoding the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway.arrow_forwardLocus heterogeneity refers to a genetic disorder thata. has a heterogeneous phenotype.b. is caused by mutations in two or more different genes.c. involves a structural change in multiple chromosomes.d. is inherited from both parents.arrow_forwardSpecies I is diploid (2 n = 8) with chromosomes AABBCCDD; related species II is diploid (2 n = 8) with chromosomes MMNNOOPP. What types of chromosome mutations do individuals with the following sets of chromosomes have? a. AAABBCCDD b. MMNNOOOOPP c. AABBCDD d. AAABBBCCCDDD e. AAABBCCDDD f. AABBDD g. AABBCCDDMMNNOOPP h. AABBCCDDMNOParrow_forward
- darrow_forwardThe above image compares portions of DNA containing globin genes from an ordinary bony fish and an icefish. The genes on the figure are aligned based on - A. the beginning sequence on the chromosome. B. a matching of intron sequences. C. homologous sequences. D. gene function.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding the Y chromosome in mammals is TRUE?A. The Y chromosome is less than half the size of the X chromosome.B.Y chromosomes are most often present in egg cells and are not found in sperm cells. C.Most female mammals have one Y chromosome. D. The Y chromosome contains no protein-coding genes.arrow_forward
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