Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 18TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Alleles are the alternative forms of a gene. Most of the genes consist of two alleles— recessive and dominant alleles. The dominant trait gets expressed only when the organism is heterozygous for that particular trait.
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In Mexican hairless dogs, a dominant allele codes for hairlessness. However, inheriting two dominant alleles is lethal; the fetus dies before birth. Suppose a breeder mates two dogs that are heterozygous for the hair allele. What are the predicted genotype and phenotype ratios of the puppies that are born?
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 23 - a. What is a major source of genetic variation for...Ch. 23 - In a population of 200 mice, 98 are homozygous...Ch. 23 - Use the allele frequencies you determined in...Ch. 23 - Practice using the Hardy-Weinberg equation so that...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5IQCh. 23 - Why hasnt the highly deleterious sickle-cell...Ch. 23 - a. What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? b. Define...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 23 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 23 - Mice have an estimated 1,000 olfactory receptor...Ch. 23 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 23 - If a population has the following genotype...Ch. 23 - In a population with two alleles, B and b, the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 23 - In a random sample of a population of shorthorn...Ch. 23 - Genetic drift is likely to be seen in a population...Ch. 23 - Porphyria variegata is a genetic disease...Ch. 23 - Cystic fibrosis is a very serious genetic disorder...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 19TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 21TYK
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- Sickle cell anemia is caused by a recessive allele at a single gene. As we discussed in class, being a homozygote for the sickle cell allele is almost always lethal, but heterozygotes tend to be resistant against malaria although they have a mild form of anemia. Because of this heterozygote advantage, the allele for sickle cell anemia has a frequency of more than 10% in some human populations. How would present allele frequencies of the sickle cell allele change, if there was no heterozygote advantage or disadvantage (that is, that heterozygotes would be identical to ‘normal’ homozygotes – no malaria resistance, no anemia)? How would the change in sickle cell allele frequencies compare to scenario a (extirpation of malaria)arrow_forwardSee attached imagearrow_forward2) The year is 2050. The climate has continued to warm. Areas in northern Canada and Alaska are without snow or ice; the average annual temperature has risen and previously snow-covered areas are now shrub land and some temperate forests. What effect would such a climatic change have on the gene pool of the rabbits? All BUT ONE could apply. A) The allelic frequency has most likely shifted to 85% GG and 15% gg. B) The dominant allele in the gene pool would become G, the previously rare allele. C) The allele for white, g, would be scarce and perhaps nonexistent in the population. D) White rabbits would be at a disadvantage in terms of camouflage and would likely fall prey to predators.arrow_forward
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- Assume that a single gene determines coat coloration in cats, with the B allele resulting in orange coloration, and b allele results in black coloration. This gene exists on the X chromosome (recall that cats have XX/XY system of sex determination). My cat Pepper is a female tortoiseshell, and my cat Hobbes is an orange male. (i) What is the probability that Hobbes and Pepper have three kittens, Hopper (male), Pepsi (female), and Hippie (female)? What is the probability that they have three kittens, and that Hopper (male), and Hippie (female) are both orange, and that Pepsi (female) is a tortoiseshell? (ii) Distribution of % of Barr Bodies in each body part 120 100 100 80 100 60 40 50 50 20 Head Body Tail Black Orangearrow_forwardAs seen in the photo, Labradors come in three colors-- black, brown and yellow. What is the genetic basis for these different coat colors? One gene produces melanin, a pigment which is deposited in the dog's fur and makes the color dark. With this gene, allele B (black) is dominant to allele b. Only in the case of a recessive homozygote (bb) will the dog's phenotype be brown. The regulatory gene is separate from the melanin gene but it acts as a switch, either turning the melanin gene on or turning it off. Allele E is dominant and allows for the melanin to be deposited in the dog's fur ("on" switch), but if the switch gene is a recessive homozygote, the melanin is blocked ("off" switch) and a yellow dog is the result! 1. Two other Labradors mate and produce puppies. Their genotypes are Bbee and BbEe. What color are each parent and what are the phenotypic rations of their offspring in the F1 Generation? Show your work with a Punnett square.arrow_forwardHeterozygote advantage is an interesting condition in those individuals who have one of each allele (dominant and recessive) have a higher survival rate than those individuals who are either homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive. Sickle-cell anemia is such a genetic disease associated with the recessive allele. Normal homozygous individuals (SS) have normal blood cells that are easily infected with the malarial parasite. Thus, many of these individuals become very ill from the parasite and many die. Individuals homozygous for the sickle-cell trait (ss) have red blood cells that readily collapse when deoxygenated. Although malaria cannot grow in these red blood cells, individuals often die because of the genetic defect. However, individuals with the heterozygous condition (Ss) have some sickling of red blood cells, but generally not enough to cause mortality. In addition, malaria cannot survive well within these "partially defective" red blood cells. Thus, heterozygotes tend to…arrow_forward
- Straight hair is dominant to curly. However, heterozygotes of this gene have wavy hair. If a mother with wavy hair mates with a father with straight hair, what would be the genotype ratio of the possible offspring? A) 2:2:2 B) 0:2:2 C) 2:2:0 D) 2:0:2arrow_forwardA mountain region has a population of 5,000 mountain goats. You score these animals for the R locus and find that this locus has two alleles, R (dominant) and r (recessive). 3200 individuals are homozygous dominant, 1,600 are heterozygous, and 200 are homozygous recessive. A deadly virus infects all of the RR mountain goats in the population (above), killing all individuals of this genotype and leaving the population with only the rr and Rr mountain goats. a) Calculate the new allele frequencies for this population. Show your work. b) Calculate the new (observed) genotypic frequencies for this population. Show your work. c) Does this population still appear to be at H-W equilibrium? Why or why not? (You do not need to analyze this statistically).arrow_forwardA mutation in an of the recessive hemoglobin gene on chromosome 11 causes sickle-cell disease, but also confers malaria resistance. The allele frequency in African Americans is 14%. 1. What percent of the population have two copies of the gene and are therefore immune to malaria? 2. What percent of the population are less susceptible to malaria but do not have sickle-cell anemia since they are heterozygous?arrow_forward
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