BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 23, Problem 1IQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The limited number of character states and high rates of evolutionary change can cause problems for parsimony analyses.
Introduction: The smallest assumptions or change in characters in a state is known parsimony. Parsinomony analysis is complete opposite of homoplasy as it involves multiple characters into count. The homoplasy leads to the increase of relatedness between unrelated species.
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Students have asked these similar questions
The evolution of a qualitative trait in reponse to natural selection is described by the following equation,
R=h2 S
a) What is h2 and what does it measure?
b) Describe a study that would allow you to estimate h2 for a real population
Discuss the ways in which disruption of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium may lead to evolution.
According to the Hardy-Weinberg law of equilibrium:
Question 1 options:
A)
In absence of mutation and natural selection, the frequencies of the genotypes will remain stable because no evolutionary change takes place.
B)
In absence of gene flow, the frequencies of the genotypes will remain stable because no evolutionary change takes place.
C)
In absence of genetic drift, the frequencies of the genotypes will remain stable because no evolutionary change takes place.
D)
All of the above.
E)
None of the above.
Chapter 23 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.2 - Demonstrate how a cladogram is constructed.Ch. 23.3 - Explain the taxonomic classification system.Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 23.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 23 - Construct a data matrix like the one in figure...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1IQCh. 23 - Prob. 2IQCh. 23 - Prob. 3IQCh. 23 - Prob. 4IQCh. 23 - Overall similarity of phenotypes may not always...Ch. 23 - a. is based on overall similarity of phenotypes....Ch. 23 - The principle of parsimony a. helps evolutionary...Ch. 23 - Parsimony suggests that parental care in birds,...Ch. 23 - The forelimb of a bird and the forelimb of a...Ch. 23 - In order to determine polarity for different...Ch. 23 - In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more...Ch. 23 - A paraphyletic group includes a. an ancestor and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 9UCh. 23 - A taxonomic group that contains species that have...Ch. 23 - Rapid rates of character change relative to the...Ch. 23 - Species recognized by the phylogenetic species...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1SCh. 23 - Identifying outgroups is a central component of...Ch. 23 - As noted in your reading, cladistics is a widely...Ch. 23 - Across many species of limpets, loss of larval...Ch. 23 - Birds, pterosaurs (a type of flying reptile that...Ch. 23 - AID:1825 | 10/04/2018 6. In what sense does the...
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- Using the concepts of variability, environmental pressure and natural selection, how does the synthetic theory of evolution explain Darwinian natural selection?arrow_forwardUnder what scenaries is genetic drift most potent as an evolutionary process? how do factors like population size and initial allele frequences affect likelihood of an allele being lost from a population (or becoming fixed)?arrow_forwardWhat is Darwinian fitness? What types of characteristics canpromote high fitness values? Give several examples.arrow_forward
- Choose an organism that is a product of artificial selection. Give a brief description of your organism and its desired traits. What wild ancestor did it come from? Was it produced with selective breeding or genetic engineering (i.e. genetically modified)? What are the benefits of artificial selection in this case? Are there potential negative consequences?arrow_forwardWhat types of information provide the clues that scientists use in investigating evolutionary relationships?arrow_forwardDiscuss, using relevant examples, the following factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and thus shape diversity in a population: i) Natural selection, ii) Genetic drift; and iii) Migrationarrow_forward
- In what way is diversity intrinsically valuable to a population? How is genotypic or phenotypic diversity maintained if natural selection reduces variation?arrow_forwardThere are three modes of natural selection: stabilizing selection, directional selection and diversifying/ disruptive selection. Describe each mode and explain how each mode affects the evolution of a population.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are supported explanations for the evolution of complex traits? A) incremental changes each providing a benefit B) a trait origiannly selected for a specfic function adopts a new function as a consequence of selectionarrow_forward
- Which of the following is the LEAST CONVINCING argument against micromutationism? Advantageous mutations of large effect are more resistant to loss by drift than advantageous mutations of small effect. Mutations of small effect are more likely to be advantageous than mutations of large effect. Empirical studies suggest that some adaptive traits are governed at least in part by loci of large phenotypic effect.arrow_forwardDoes sexual selection have the potential to accelerate speciation, please provide an example..arrow_forwardThe groups we recognize as different human races represented populations that have been genetically isolated for a long time, we would expect to see: Select all that apply and briefly justify your answer. a) high levels of genetic variation between groups relative to what we see within groups. b) high levels of genetic variation within groups relative to what we see between groups. c) no clear pattern of genetic variation―in some regions, we would see more variation within than among groups, and in some regions we would see the opposite. d) a correlation between the amount of genetic variation between groups and the length of time the groups have been isolated from one another.arrow_forward
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