Concept explainers
To determine: The tree species that was most often killed by A. ostoyae and least affected by it in control forests.
Introduction: Parasitic
Answer to Problem 1DAA
Correct answer: Larch tree species were most often killed by A. ostoyae, while birch trees were the least affected.
Explanation of Solution
A. ostoyae is a parasite of both living and dead trees. As given in the problem statement, Canadian forest pathologists tested their hypothesis that removing stumps after logging could help to prevent tree deaths. They made an experimental design. They removed stumps after logging from half of a forest and left stumps in the control area. They recorded tree deaths for almost more than 20 years. Refer Fig. 23.16, “Effect of stump removal on the spread of a fungal pathogen”, in the textbook. The graphical representation showed that long-term study of logging practices affects tree deaths by A. ostoyae. The experimental forest trees including stumps were removed and are shown as brown bars, and the control forest trees with stumps left behind are shown as blue bars. The data for percent cumulative mortality show that Larch tree species were often killed by A. ostoyae (approximately 27 %) in control forests. The tree species in control forests that were least affected by A. ostoyae were Birch trees (approximately 1 %).
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 23 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
- Find out about the organisations and the movements aimed at the conservation of our natural resources. Eg Chipko movement and Greenpeace. Make a project report on such an organisation.arrow_forwardWhat are biofertilizers and mention the significancearrow_forwardPCBs and River Otters: Otters in Washington State’s Green-Duwamish River have high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in their livers. PCBs can bind to the estrogen receptors in animals and disrupt the endocrine system of these otters. The PCBs seem to increase the estrogen to androgen ratio, skewing the ratio toward too much estrogen. How would increased estrogen affect the river otter population? Based on your reading of the materials in this unit, what factors can affect fertility in humans? Explain how each of the factors affecting human fertility that you described can disrupt the human endocrine system to affect reproduction.arrow_forward
- Other than oil and alcohol, are there other liquids you could compare to water (that are liquid at room temperature)? How is water unique compared to these other liquids? What follow-up experiment would you like to do, and how would you relate it to your life?arrow_forwardSelection of Traits What adaptations do scavengers have for locating and feeding on prey? What adaptations do predators have for capturing and consuming prey?arrow_forwardCompetition Between Species What natural processes limit populations from growing too large? What are some resources organisms can compete over in their natural habitat?arrow_forward
- Species Interactions Explain how predators, prey and scavengers interact. Explain whether predators and scavengers are necessary or beneficial for an ecosystem.arrow_forwardmagine that you are conducting research on fruit type and seed dispersal. You submitted a paper to a peer-reviewed journal that addresses the factors that impact fruit type and seed dispersal mechanisms in plants of Central America. The editor of the journal communicates that your paper may be published if you make ‘minor revisions’ to the document. Describe two characteristics that you would expect in seeds that are dispersed by the wind. Contrast this with what you would expect for seeds that are gathered, buried or eaten by animals, and explain why they are different. (Editor’s note: Providing this information in your discussion will help readers to consider the significance of the research).arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between Uniporters, Symporters and Antiporters? Which of these are examples of active transport?arrow_forward
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781337408332Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College