Chapter 22.5, Problem 22.3CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Following are the molecular models of octahedral complexes –

Figure 1

From the given molecular models of octahedral complexes the mirror images of the complex X has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Co-ordination compounds exhibit structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. Stereoisomerism deals with three dimensional spatial arrangements of atoms or groups of a molecule.   There are two types of stereoisomerism – Geometric isomerism and optical isomerism.

A cis-isomer has two same ligands lying adjacent to each other whereas a trans-isomer has two same ligands lying opposite to each other.

In optical isomerism the isomer that rotates the plane of the polarized light in clockwise direction is termed as d-isomer and the isomer rotates the plane of the polarized light in anti-clockwise direction is l-isomer.  These isomers are called optical isomers and they are non-superimposable mirror images.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given molecular models of octahedral complexes the optical isomers of the complex X has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Co-ordination compounds exhibit structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. Stereoisomerism deals with three dimensional spatial arrangements of atoms or groups of a molecule.   There are two types of stereoisomerism – Geometric isomerism and optical isomerism.

In optical isomerism the isomer that rotates the plane of the polarized light in clockwise direction is termed as d-isomer and the isomer rotates the plane of the polarized light in anti-clockwise direction is l-isomer.  These isomers are called optical isomers and they are non-superimposable mirror images.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given molecular models of octahedral complexes the distinct isomer of the complex X has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Co-ordination compounds exhibit structural isomerism and stereoisomerism. Stereoisomerism deals with three dimensional spatial arrangements of atoms or groups of a molecule.   There are two types of stereoisomerism – Geometric isomerism and optical isomerism.

A cis-isomer has two same ligands lying adjacent to each other whereas a trans-isomer has two same ligands lying opposite to each other.

In optical isomerism the isomer that rotates the plane of the polarized light in clockwise direction is termed as d-isomer and the isomer rotates the plane of the polarized light in anti-clockwise direction is l-isomer.  These isomers are called optical isomers and they are non-superimposable mirror images.