CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781259137815
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 22, Problem 7QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The highest oxidation states from Sc to Cu are to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The transition metals are those that form at least one stable ion with incompletely filled d sub shell.

The transition metals show variable oxidation states.

The transition metals have partially filled d-sub shell.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 7QP

Solution: The metals with highest oxidation states as follows:

Sc +3, Ti +4, V +5, Cr +6, Mn +7, Fe +6, Co +4, Ni +3, and Cu +3

Explanation of Solution

Transition metals have a greater number of oxidation states than any other element due to their ability to lose multiple electrons from the d subshell. The highest oxidation state of a transition element is determined by adding a number of unpaired electrons in a d subshell and number of electrons present in 4s orbital electrons.

The electron configurations of transition metals are as follows:

Sc - 4s23d1oneunpairedelectronoxidationstate=+3

Ti - 4s23d2twounpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+4

V - 4s23d3threeunpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+5

Cr - 4s13d5sixunpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+6

Mn - 4s23d5fiveunpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+7

Fe - 4s23d6fourunpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+6

Co - 4s23d7threeunpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+4

Ni - 4s23d8twounpairedelectronsoxidationstate=+3

Cu - 4s13d10oneunpairedelectronoxidationstate=+3

Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 unpaired electrons in a d subshell, respectively.

Conclusion

The highest oxidation states of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu are

+3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +6, +4, +3,  and +3 respectively.

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Chapter 22 Solutions

CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<

Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 1PPACh. 22.3 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1CPCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2CPCh. 22.4 - Prob. 1PPACh. 22.4 - Practice Problem BUILD Transition metal ions can...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 22 - Prob. 1QPCh. 22 - Prob. 2QPCh. 22 - 22.3 Explain why atomic radii decrease very...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4QPCh. 22 - Write the electron configurations of the following...Ch. 22 - Prob. 6QPCh. 22 - Prob. 7QPCh. 22 - Prob. 8QPCh. 22 - Describe the interaction between a donor atom and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10QPCh. 22 - Complete the following statements for the complex...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12QPCh. 22 - Prob. 13QPCh. 22 - Prob. 14QPCh. 22 - Prob. 15QPCh. 22 - Prob. 16QPCh. 22 - Prob. 17QPCh. 22 - Prob. 18QPCh. 22 - Prob. 19QPCh. 22 - Prob. 20QPCh. 22 - Prob. 21QPCh. 22 - The complex ion [Ni ( CN ) 2 Br 2 ] 2- has a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 23QPCh. 22 - Prob. 24QPCh. 22 - Prob. 25QPCh. 22 - Prob. 26QPCh. 22 - Prob. 27QPCh. 22 - Prob. 28QPCh. 22 - Prob. 29QPCh. 22 - Prob. 30QPCh. 22 - Prob. 31QPCh. 22 - Prob. 32QPCh. 22 - Prob. 33QPCh. 22 - Prob. 34QPCh. 22 - Prob. 35QPCh. 22 - Prob. 36QPCh. 22 - Prob. 37QPCh. 22 - Prob. 38QPCh. 22 - Prob. 39QPCh. 22 - Prob. 40QPCh. 22 - Prob. 41QPCh. 22 - A concentrated aqueous copper(II) chloride...Ch. 22 - Prob. 43QPCh. 22 - Prob. 44QPCh. 22 - Prob. 45APCh. 22 - Prob. 46APCh. 22 - Prob. 47APCh. 22 - Prob. 48APCh. 22 - Prob. 49APCh. 22 - Draw qualitative diagrams for the crystal held...Ch. 22 - Prob. 51APCh. 22 - Prob. 52APCh. 22 - Prob. 53APCh. 22 - Prob. 54APCh. 22 - Prob. 55APCh. 22 - Prob. 56APCh. 22 - Prob. 57APCh. 22 - Prob. 58APCh. 22 - 22.59 The -porphyrin complex is more stable than...Ch. 22 - Prob. 60APCh. 22 - Prob. 61APCh. 22 - Prob. 62APCh. 22 - Prob. 63APCh. 22 - Prob. 64APCh. 22 - Prob. 65APCh. 22 - Prob. 66APCh. 22 - Prob. 67APCh. 22 - Prob. 68APCh. 22 - Locate the transition metal atoms and ions in the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 70APCh. 22 - Prob. 71APCh. 22 - Copper is known to exist in the +3 oxidation...Ch. 22 - 22.73 Chemical analysis shows that hemoglobin...Ch. 22 - Prob. 74APCh. 22 - Prob. 75APCh. 22 - Prob. 76APCh. 22 - 22.77 Commercial silver-plating operations...Ch. 22 - Prob. 78APCh. 22 - 22.79 (a) The free Cu(I) ion is unstable in...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1SEPPCh. 22 - Prob. 2SEPPCh. 22 - Prob. 3SEPPCh. 22 - Prob. 4SEPP
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