Chapter 22, Problem 4QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The ground state electronic configurations of the first-row transition metals are to be written and the irregularities in the trend are to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Elements from ${\text{Sc}}_{\text{21}}{\text{to Cu}}_{29}$ in the $d$ block form the first-row transition metals.

Elements from ${\text{Y}}_{39}{\text{to Ag}}_{47}$ in the $d$ block form the second-row transition metals.

Elements from ${\text{Hf}}_{72}{\text{to Au}}_{79}$ in the $d$ block form the third-row transition metals.

The $\text{(}n-1\text{)}{d}^{1-10}n{s}^{0-2}$ is the general electronic configuration of $d$ block elements or transition metals.