Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 3IQ
- a. Explain how the rapid evolution of drug resistance in bacteria is an example of natural selection.
- b. How might multidrug-resistant strains of MRSA have evolved?
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Penicillin was first used in the 1940s to treat gonorrhea infections produced by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In 1984, according to the CDC, fewer than 1% of gonorrhea infections were caused by penicillin-resistant N. gonorrhoeae. By 1990, more than 10% of cases were penicillin resistant and a few years later the level of resistance was 95%.
Explain the various ways this resistance could be spread among the cells. Could this resistance pass to other infectious bacteria from N. gonorrhoeae?
C. In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture
dishes. He noticed that a mold called Penicillium was also growing in some of the dishes. A clear
area existed around the mold because all the bacteria that had grown in this area had died. In the
culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present. Fleming hypothesized that the mold
must be producing a chemical that killed the bacteria. He decided to isolate this substance and test
it to see if it would kill bacteria. Fleming transferred the mold to a nutrient broth solution. This
solution contained all the materials the mold needed to grow. After the mold grew, he removed it
from the nutrient broth. Fleming then added the nutrient broth in which the mold had grown to a
culture of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria died.
1. Identify the problem.
2. What was Fleming's hypothesis?
3. How was the hypothesis tested?
4. Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the…
C. In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes.
He noticed that a mold called Penicillium was also growing in some of the dishes. A clear area
existed around the mold because all the bacteria that had grown in this area had died. In the
culture dishes without the mold, no clear areas were present. Fleming hypothesized that the
mold must be producing a chemical that killed the bacteria. He decided to isolate this substance
and test it to see if it would kill bacteria. Fleming transferred the mold to a nutrient broth
solution. This solution contained all the materials the mold needed to grow. After the mold grew,
he removed it from the nutrient broth. Fleming then added the nutrient broth in which the mold
had grown to a culture of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria died.
1
2. What was Fleming's hypothesis?
Compilation of Biochemistry Laboratory Activities Prepared by FAVillenas and EVSamaniego
3
Identify the problem.
4
5.
How was…
Chapter 22 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 22 - a. Write the capital letter representing the...Ch. 22 - List the two observations from which Darwin drew...Ch. 22 - a. Explain how the rapid evolution of drug...Ch. 22 - Complete the following concept map that summarizes...Ch. 22 - Explain in your own words the main components of...Ch. 22 - Briefly explain the following statement: In...Ch. 22 - Which of the following slogans best describes the...Ch. 22 - Which of the following scientists proposed that...Ch. 22 - Darwin proposed that new species evolve from...Ch. 22 - Each of the following influenced Darwin as he...
Ch. 22 - Darwins publication of On the Origin of Species...Ch. 22 - The smallest unit that can evolve is a(n) a....Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements is not...Ch. 22 - Darwin observed that organisms are capable of...Ch. 22 - What might you conclude from the observation that...Ch. 22 - The remnants of pelvic and leg bones in a snake a....Ch. 22 - The hypothesis that whales evolved from...Ch. 22 - Which of the following sources of evidence...Ch. 22 - When cytochrome c molecules are compared, yeasts...Ch. 22 - Which of the following is an example of convergent...Ch. 22 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 22 - Use the following evolutionary tree representing...Ch. 22 - Evolution by natural selection would be impossible...
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