Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 2SYK
Briefly explain the following statement: In Darwin’s model of descent with modification, individuals are selected, but populations evolve.
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Apply the VIDA table to the evolution of sickle cell disease to justify whether it is an instance of evolution by natural selection. Answer the following questions.
Is there variation in this trait in the population? How exactly does it vary? Is the trait at least partly inherited? Is there selection for this trait in a particular environment? (What is the selective pressure? And how does a trait give an advantage or disadvantage in that environment?) What is the evidence that this trait makes organisms better adapted to their environment?
Genetic variation is the product of completely random events, but acting upon this randomness is a very nonrandom process called natural selection. Explain or give an example.
One of the lines of evidence that led Darwin to the theory of natural selection was his study of artificial selection. Plant breeders and pigeon breeders select offspring with specific traits in mind beforehand.
a) However, since humans are an integral part of the natural world, do you think that artificial selection might be more appropriately termed “natural selection”? Why?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 22 - a. Write the capital letter representing the...Ch. 22 - List the two observations from which Darwin drew...Ch. 22 - a. Explain how the rapid evolution of drug...Ch. 22 - Complete the following concept map that summarizes...Ch. 22 - Explain in your own words the main components of...Ch. 22 - Briefly explain the following statement: In...Ch. 22 - Which of the following slogans best describes the...Ch. 22 - Which of the following scientists proposed that...Ch. 22 - Darwin proposed that new species evolve from...Ch. 22 - Each of the following influenced Darwin as he...
Ch. 22 - Darwins publication of On the Origin of Species...Ch. 22 - The smallest unit that can evolve is a(n) a....Ch. 22 - Which of the following statements is not...Ch. 22 - Darwin observed that organisms are capable of...Ch. 22 - What might you conclude from the observation that...Ch. 22 - The remnants of pelvic and leg bones in a snake a....Ch. 22 - The hypothesis that whales evolved from...Ch. 22 - Which of the following sources of evidence...Ch. 22 - When cytochrome c molecules are compared, yeasts...Ch. 22 - Which of the following is an example of convergent...Ch. 22 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 22 - Use the following evolutionary tree representing...Ch. 22 - Evolution by natural selection would be impossible...
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- Which of the following statements does NOT agree with the tenets of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of natural selection? O A. The phenotypes of individuals in a population will differ and, in some cases, these differences are the result of traits passed down from parent to offspring. B. Phenotypes become more common over time if individuals with those phenotypes have higher reproductive success. O C. The fitness of an individual with a particular phenotype is independent of the environmental conditions it experiences. O D. Resources limit the total number of individuals in a population.arrow_forwardWhich of the following factors are required in order for evolution to occur? a. Individuals within a population must be receptive to change and collectively determine which trait(s) is/are to be modified in subsequent generations b. Genetic variation within a population must exist or have the potential to arise, and shifts in allelic frequencies will take place or have the potential to take place c. Individuals within a population should be able to reproduce effectively (i.e., without barriers to reproduction existing) d. Both A & B e. Both B & Carrow_forwardList and explain the three types of natural selection.arrow_forward
- Describe three patterns of natural selection.arrow_forwardAccording to the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equation, all of the following slow down or stop evolution EXCEPT (choose as many as apply): Group of answer choices very small population very large population no one leaves or comes into the population everyone has equal numbers of offspring there are no mutations there are lots of mutations there is non- random matingarrow_forwardIn Darwin's theory of natural selection, which of the following is a source of evolution: a.Individuals who do not vary from their progenitors. b.Intelligent and purposeful design. c.Individuals with random mutations who are able to reproduce. d.Individuals with random mutations who die without reproducing.arrow_forward
- Darwin put together several pieces of information when formulating his theory of evolution. Which of the following is/are not part of that information? Choose All That Apply Natural populations of organisms display variable phenotypes Natural populations tend to produce more offspring then the environment can support Individuals within a population can pass on traits acquired during their lives to their offspring Organisms tend to be uniquely adapted to the environments in which they are found Each individual in a population is equally likely to survive and produce offspringarrow_forwardThe theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…arrow_forwardThe theory of evolution by Darwin is a composite theory, i.e. it has five component theories: 1. Evolution as such is the simple proposition that the characteristics of lineages of organisms change over time 2. Common descent is a radically different view of evolution than the scheme Lamarck proposed. Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. 3. Gradualism – Darwin’s proposition that the differences between even radically different organisms have evolved incrementally, by small steps through intermediate forms. The alternative to this theory, as discussed in later sections, is saltation with great reference to large differences that are believed to have evolved by leaps without intermediates. 4. Populational change – Darwin’s thesis that evolution occurs by changes in the proportions of individuals within a population that have different inherited characteristics. 5. Natural selection – Darwin’s…arrow_forward
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