
(a)
Interpretation:
Reason behind the formation of more theoretical plates per meter than thick film has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Plate height can be calculated by van Deemter equation as follows:
Here
The term
The term
The term
Number of theoretical plates is calculated as follows:
Here,
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Particle size has a significant impact on the analyte band. For smaller sized particles at very low flow rate the second term in the van Deemter equation is high but other two terms are small so plate height is not high enough. At high flow rate, the third term cannot play significant role as it is proportional to the square of the particle size thus, the value of third term is not high enough. So the summation of all three terms is small. Hence plate height is low.
For lager sized particles at very low flow rate, second term in the van Deemter equation will be predominant, hence at low flow rate plate height is high. And at high flow rate, third term in the equation is predominant as it is proportional to the square of the particle size. So plate height is high.
Hence it can be concluded that in general pate height of thin films is greater than that of thick films because particle size in thin film is smaller than that of thick film.
As number of theoretical plates is inversely proportional to plate height hence number of theoretical plates is higher in case of this film.
(b)
Interpretation:
Mass of stationary phase in each column has to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Formula to calculate volume of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
(b)

Explanation of Solution
For narrow bore column mass of stationary phase is
For narrow bore open tubular gas chromatography plate height is calculated as follows:
The volume of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
Mass of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
For wide bore open tubular gas chromatography plate height is calculated as follows:
The volume of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
Mass of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
For narrow bore column mass of stationary phase is
(c)
Interpretation:
Mass of analyte can be injected has to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (b).
(c)

Answer to Problem 22.4P
For narrow bore column
Explanation of Solution
For narrow bore open tubular gas chromatography plate height is calculated as follows:
The volume of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
Mass of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
Mass of analyte can be injected is calculated as follows:
For wide bore open tubular gas chromatography plate height is calculated as follows:
The volume of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
Mass of stationary phase is calculated as follows:
Mass of analyte can be injected is calculated as follows:
For narrow bore column
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Exploring Chemical Analysis
- Determine the rate order from the following data: [Na2S2O3] Time (s) 0.0455 M 180.0 0.0909 M 90.0 0.136 M 60.0 Group of answer choices First order Second order Third order Zero orderarrow_forwardWrite down by equation of the following reactions: the Clemmensen reduction and synthesize of a secondary alcarrow_forwardPropose syntheses of the following compounds starting with benzene or toluene. Assume ortho and isomers can be separated. a. b. O₂N- Cl COOH para 0. Propose syntheses to carry out each of the following conversions. Assume ortho and para isomers can be separated a. Br b. COOH CH3 NH₂ PABA (active ingredient in some sunscreens)arrow_forward
- H3C H C=C CH3 H m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid CH2Cl2, rt C-C--. H3CH2CC H H3C CH3 Cl₂ H₂O NaOH H₂O D. S- E. CH3 H₂O₂, H₂O It CH₂O Na + CHI F. HI, H₂O heat G. 4 OH CH3CHCH3 + ICH2CH3 1. NaH (CH3)3COH (CH3)3 COCHCH2CH3 2. CH3arrow_forward5. Show how the ether below could be prepared from toluene and any other necessary reagents. Show all reagents and all intermediate structures. H3C- H3C- CI OCH2CH3arrow_forwardGiven the major organic product(s) of each of the following reactions. If none is predicted, write "N.R." [answer 61 a. b. H3C C. NO₂ CH3CH2CH2Cl AICI 3 1) NaOH CI 2) H3O+ NO₂ 1. SnCl2, H3O+ 2. NaOH 3arrow_forward
- Please correct answer and don't used hand raitingarrow_forwardTo answer the following questions, consider the reaction below: CH3 . CH3 OH a. The best reagents for accomplishing the above transformation are.... a. 1. OsO4, pyridine 2. NaHSO3, H₂O b. 1. Hg(OAc)2, H₂O 1. C. 2. NaBH4 RCO₂H, CH2Cl₂ 2. H₂O* d. 1. BH3, THF 2. H₂O₂, OH b. The alcohol product is classified as a: a. 1° alcohol b. 2° alcohol C. 3° alcohol d. 4° alcohol c. The conversion of an alcohol into an alkyl chloride by reaction with SOCI2 is an example of: a. b. ن نخنه C. d. an El process an Syl process an E2 process an Sy2 processarrow_forwardEstimation of ash in food Questions: Q1: What does the word ash refer to? Q2: Mention the types of ash in food Q3: Mention the benefit of using a glass dryerarrow_forward
- Draw structures corresponding to the names given a. m-fluoronitrobenzene b. p-bromoaniline c. o-chlorophenol d. 3,5-dimethylbenzoic acidarrow_forwardIllustrate the reaction mechanism the following reactionarrow_forwardPropose a synthesis for the following compound using benzene or toluene and any other reagents necessary. Show all major intermediate compounds that would probably be isolated during the course of your synthesis. on. Harrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





