Bundle: Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Loose-Leaf Version, 9th + LMS Integrated OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337598255
Author: Spencer L. Seager
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 22, Problem 22.41E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason as to why the ATP is more accurately referred as carrier or donor of free energy rather than as a storage form of free energy is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
The full form of ATP is adenosine triphosphate. The structure of ATP is comprises of heterocyclic base, adenine which is bonded to ribose sugar and triphosphate portion bonded to ribose. ATP is synthesized in mitochondria (called power house of the cell) by oxidative phosphorylation.
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Use the following information corresponding to 1 Molar concentrations of reactants and products for Questions 7 -13.
ΔHo’ = -63.39 kJ/mol and ΔS o’ = -0.1255 kJ/molK.
Glycerol + ATP → ADP + 3-Phosphoglycerate:
ΔHo’ = -63.39 kJ/mol and ΔS o’ = -0.1255 kJ/molK.
At what temperature (if any) is this reaction excergonic?
Report your answer in Kelvin using inequality signs with out and extra spaces added in.
For example
T=100.00K
T>100.00K
T<100.00K
T</=100.00K less than or equal to
T>/=100.00K greater than or equal to
Give an example of a coupled reaction showing an overall change in free energy.
The oxidation of 1 mol of glucose supplies enough meta-bolic energy to form 36 mol of ATP. Oxidation of 1 mol of a typ-ical dietary fat like tristearin (C₅₇H₁₁₆O₆) yields enough energyto form 458 mol of ATP. (a) How many molecules of ATP canform per gram of glucose? (b) Per gram of tristearin?
Chapter 22 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry, Loose-Leaf Version, 9th + LMS Integrated OWLv2, 4 terms (24 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.1ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.2ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.3ECh. 22 - List two general functions in the body for each of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.5ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.6ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.7ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.8ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.9ECh. 22 - Identify each of the following vitamins as...
Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.11ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.12ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.13ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.14ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.15ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.16ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.17ECh. 22 - What are the general functions of trace minerals...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.19ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.20ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.21ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.22ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.23ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.24ECh. 22 - What is a metabolic pathway?Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.26ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.27ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.28ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.29ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.30ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.31ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.32ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.33ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.34ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.35ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.36ECh. 22 - Using symbolic formulas such as ADP and PPi, write...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.38ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.39ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.40ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.41ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.42ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.43ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.44ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.45ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.46ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.47ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.48ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.49ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.50ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.51ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.52ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.53ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.54ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.55ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.56ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.57ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.58ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.59ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.60ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.61ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.62ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.63ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.64ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.65ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.66ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.67ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.68ECh. 22 - Which of the following are not a requirement for...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.70ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.71ECh. 22 - Outline the three stages in the extraction of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.73ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.74ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.75ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.76ECh. 22 - Prob. 22.77E
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- Write a generalized chemical equation, containing acronyms, for the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP.arrow_forwardThe first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forwardThe reaction for “activation” of a fatty acid (RCOO−), ATP + CoA + RCOO−⇌ RCOOCoA + AMP + PPi has ΔG°′ = +4.6 kJ · mol−1. What is the thermo dynamic driving force for this reaction?arrow_forward
- what is the definition of energy from a metabolic perspective?arrow_forwardThe average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP. The average adult consumes approximately 11,700 kJ per day. Assuming that the metabolic pathways leading to ATP synthesis operate at 50% thermodynamic efficiency, about 5850 kJ ends up in the form of synthesized ATP. Imagine that creatine phosphate, rather than ATP, is the universal energy carrier molecule in the human body. Assume that the cellular concentrations of creatine phosphate, creatine, and phosphate are 21.7 mM, 2.17×10-3 mM, and 6.30 mM, respectively. Calculate the weight of creatine phosphate that would need to be consumed each day by a typical adult human if creatine phosphate could not be recycled. Estimate the free energy of hyrdolysis of creatine phosphate under cellular conditions to determine how many moles are required. Use the standard…arrow_forwardWhich of the following are thought to be possible explanations for apparent contradictions in the energy balance as it relates to weight loss and the thermodynamic laws? O self reported energy intake and expenditures. O the assumption that weight loss is based on carbohydrates decreases only. O metabolic efficency D over time as weight loss occurs there will be increases in resting energy expenditure.arrow_forward
- Why are some metabolic reactions coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP? To drive the nonspontaneous reaction To extend the half-life of enzymes To increase the equilibrium constant To bypass metabolic regulationarrow_forwardBased on the following information for phosphoglucoisomerase, calculate the equilbrium constant and round to the nearest tenths place. R = 8.3145 J/mol⋅K ΔG∘’ = -14.2 kJ/molarrow_forwardAlthough the ATP-ADP reaction is the principle energy shuttle in metabolic pathways, many other examples of coupled reactions exist. glutamic acid + NH3 glutamine + H2O, ΔGo = 14 kJ. Can be coupled with the acetyl phosphate reaction shown CH3COOPO3H2 + H2O CH3COOH + H3PO4, ΔGo = -46.9 kJ a. Calculate ΔGo for the overall process.arrow_forward
- For a given acid HA, it was determined that at pH 6.0 the concentration of the conjugate base [A] was 0.075 M and the acid [HA] was 0.025 M. What percent of this acid is ionized at pH 6.0? What is the pKa of this acid? What pH would this acid be 50% lonized?arrow_forwardAnswer True or False The Na/K-ATPase pump is an example of a coupling element between a spontaneous process and a non spontaneous process.arrow_forwardDetermine the direction that each of the reactions will progress. Assume that the reactants and products are present in equimolar amounts. The standard free energy of hydrolysis of ATP is –30.5 kJ/mol. fructose+ATP ____fructose 6‑phosphate+ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for fructose 6‑phosphate is −15.9 kJ/mol. 3‑phosphoglycerate+ATP___1,3‑bisphosphoglycerate+ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for 1,3‑bisphosphoglycerate is −49.3 kJ/mol. creatine+ATP___creatine phosphate+ADP The standard free energy of hydrolysis for creatine phosphate is –43.0 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
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