Microbiology with Diseases by Body System & Modified MasteringMicrobiology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Microbiology with Diseases by Body System Package
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780133857122
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 7SA
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The situation in which the body’s defensive cytokines like tumor necrosis factor, interleukins, and platelet activating factor can be life-threatening.
Introduction:
The body produces various types of immune responses when it gets affected by various types of pathogens or foreign invasion. Endotoxins are the harmful chemicals present on the outer layer of bacteria containing lipids and polysaccharides. These endotoxins that are released by the bacteria cause the host body to release cytokines and other chemicals like IL’s and various other factors.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A phagocyte enters tissues by:
chemotaxis
leukocytosis
diapedesis
margination
Classify the following images into the type of defense it represents.
Interleukin
Other cytokines
Macrophage,
B cell, or other
antigen-presenting cell
Clonal selection
of B cells
Helper T (T4) cell
Macrophage-
activating factor
Other cytokines
Macrophage activity
Leukocyte chemotaxis
Inflammation
Interleukin
Other cytokines
Cellular Immunity
Humoral Immunity
Nonspecific Defense
Clonal selection of
cytotoxic T cells
Next>
51 of 83
Prev
Strep throat is commonly caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. A common symptom of strep throat is the presence of swollen lymph nodes in the neck. This symptom usually peaks about 2–4 days after the onset of the infection, and is due to:
Damage to the pharyngeal epithelium by the bacteria
Release of bacterial PAMPs leading to inflammatory cytokine production
Trapping and activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes in the lymph nodes of the neck
Recruitment of neutrophils to the lymph nodes of the neck
Recruitment of circulating macrophages to the lymph nodes of the neck
Chapter 21 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System & Modified MasteringMicrobiology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Microbiology with Diseases by Body System Package
Ch. 21 - Bacteria infecting the mouth can enter the blood...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 21 - Nightmare on the Island Peggy loves her time on...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2TMWCh. 21 - Prob. 3CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 4CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 21 - Why can people who avoid cats get infected by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 21 - Prob. 1EDCS
Ch. 21 - Prob. 1MCCh. 21 - Prob. 2MCCh. 21 - Prob. 3MCCh. 21 - Prob. 4MCCh. 21 - Prob. 5MCCh. 21 - Prob. 6MCCh. 21 - Prob. 7MCCh. 21 - How is septicemia introduced into the body? a....Ch. 21 - Prob. 9MCCh. 21 - Prob. 10MCCh. 21 - A cardiologist examines a patient with history of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 12MCCh. 21 - Prob. 13MCCh. 21 - Which is spread from person to person? a....Ch. 21 - Which of the following statements is false? a. A...Ch. 21 - Prob. 16MCCh. 21 - Prob. 17MCCh. 21 - Prob. 18MCCh. 21 - Prob. 19MCCh. 21 - Prob. 20MCCh. 21 - Prob. 21MCCh. 21 - Prob. 22MCCh. 21 - Prob. 23MCCh. 21 - Prob. 24MCCh. 21 - Prob. 25MCCh. 21 - Prob. 1MCh. 21 - Prob. 2MCh. 21 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 21 - The three parts of the life cycle of Plasmodium...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 21 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 21 - On the figure of the life cycle of Plasmodium,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2VICh. 21 - List the three layers of the heart in order from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 2SACh. 21 - Prob. 3SACh. 21 - Prob. 4SACh. 21 - Define occult septicemia.Ch. 21 - Prob. 6SACh. 21 - Prob. 7SACh. 21 - Prob. 8SACh. 21 - Prob. 9SACh. 21 - If 13 million people die annually from malaria,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11SACh. 21 - Prob. 12SACh. 21 - Prob. 13SACh. 21 - Why do geneticists say there is a single species...Ch. 21 - Explain why poor hygiene actually protects against...Ch. 21 - A blood bank refused to accept blood from a...Ch. 21 - An epidemiologist notices a statistical difference...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3CTCh. 21 - Compare and contrast the life cycles of...Ch. 21 - Explain how each of the following could lead to...Ch. 21 - Discuss why sickle-cell trait is advantageous to...Ch. 21 - Prob. 7CTCh. 21 - Prob. 8CTCh. 21 - Prob. 9CTCh. 21 - Most cases of tularemia in the United States occur...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11CTCh. 21 - Suppose scientists developed a vaccine for dengue...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13CTCh. 21 - Prob. 14CTCh. 21 - Prob. 1CM
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- State the structure of the second line of defense that best fits the description. 1. cascade reactions in these proteins result in a membrane attack complex formed in the diseased cell 2. aggressive phagocyte that released a respiratory burst (hydrogen peroxide and bleach) to destroy pathogens 3. released proteins prevent pathogen entry into neighboring cells 4. phagocyte that acts as an antigen presenting cell, arrives late during inflammation 5. specialized cell for destroying cancerous or virally infected cells circulating in the lympharrow_forwardMatch the formed elements with their functions: Erythrocytes thrombocytes granulocytes neutrophils basophil natural killer cells Choices nonspecific innate defense mechanisms carry oxygen to tissues seek out and destroy bacteria via phagocytosis recognize and destroy abnormal host cells basophil releases histimine; function in allergic reactions and inflammation responses formation of blood clots and tissue repairarrow_forwardIn local inflammation, the vasodilation of blood vessels in the area of infection is the result of the release of _____. Group of answer choices tumor necrosis factor histamine leukotrienes prostaglandin E2arrow_forward
- Describe an example of an ‘overreaction’ of the inflammatory response, including the specific chemicals, cells, tissues and/or processes involved.arrow_forwardDianne is an avid tennis player but has recently been complaining of tendonitis in her elbow. She knows that you work in health care and asks you to explain what caused this flare-up.arrow_forwardDrag the labels to correctly relate host cells to the defense processes they carry out. Active in worm and fungal infections Mast cells Reset Predominant phagocytic cell to kill bacteria Allergic and inflammatory symptoms Myeloid progenitor Neutrophils Eosinophils Matures into macrophages and dendritic cells Matures into macrophages and dendric cels Stem cell Cell-mediated immunity Monocyte Lymphoid progenitor Produce antibodies B lymphocyte T lymphocytearrow_forward
- Lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers are not thought to be associated with exposures to:arrow_forwarddiscuss an autoimmune diseasearrow_forwardThe circulating cytokines that recruit large numbers of phagocytes to the area of inflammation, resulting in pus, are called: O1) pyogens O 2) pyrogens 3) interferons O 4) defensinsarrow_forward
- A 18 month-old child is found to have measles antibodies in his blood. Suggest 3 different ways how the child could have acquired such antibodies 2. Describe what usually happens in a phagocytic vesicle after a phagocyte has engulfed a bacterium (diagrams maybe used but not required):arrow_forwardDefine these words?The following words should be used in the descriptive text; phagocytosis, pattern recognition receptors, pathogen associated molecular patterns, antigen presenting cell, migration, neutrophil, antigen, antibody, opsonization, MAC complex, mechanical barrier, microorganism, lymphatic vessel, memory T cell, helper T cell, B cell, memory B-cell, blood vessel, cardinal sign, lymph node, MHC, T-cell receptor, cell clone, complement, specificity, dendritic cell, macrophage, opsonin, plasarrow_forwardCompare and contrast Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas based on pathophysiology,signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning