Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553278
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 41AP
(a)
To determine
The rise in the temperature due to heat rejected.
(b)
To determine
The rise in temperature will be higher or lower at realistic efficiency.
(c)
To determine
The increase in water temperature.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Plasma spraying is a process used to coat the surface of a material with a protective layer to prevent material degradation. In a plasma spray process, the protective coating in powder form is injected into a plasma jet. The powder is then heated until the droplets coalesce and are propelled over the surface of the material. Once deposited on the surface of the material, the molten droplets solidify and form a protective coating layer. Consider a plasma spray process using alumina (k = 30 W/m K, ρ = 3970 kg/m³ and cp = 800 J/kg K) powder that is injected into a plasma jet at T∞ = 15,000 ° C and h = 10,000 W/m²·K. Alumina powder is made up of spherical-shaped particles with a mean diameter of 60 μm and a melting point of 2300 °C.Solving, the amount of time it would take for the particles, with an initial temperature of 20 °C, to reach their melting point from the time they are injected into the plasma jet is 5,25x10 -4 s.
The mathematical resolution is in the image. I only need the…
You are working as an expert witness for an environmental agency. A utility in a neighboring town has proposed a new power plant that produces electrical power P from turbines. The utility claims that the plant will take in steam at temperature Th and reject water at temperature Tc into a flowing cold-water river. The flow rate of the river is Δm/Δt. The agency supervisor is concerned about the effect of dumping warm water on the fish in the river. (a) The utility claims that the power plant operates with Carnot efficiency. With that assumption, you need to determine for a trial presentation by how much the temperature of the water downstream from the power plant will rise due to the rejected energy from the power plant. (b) If you abandon the utility’s claim that the power plant operates at Carnot efficiency and assume a more realistic efficiency e, you need to determine the increase in water temperature in the stream. (c) Finally, you need to testify whether the increase in water…
A fan that consumes 20 W of electric power when operating is claimed to discharge air from a ventilated room at a rate of 1.0 kg/s at a discharge velocity of 8 m/s. Determine if this claim is reasonable.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 21.1 - The energy input to an engine is 4.00 times...Ch. 21.2 - The energy entering an electric heater by...Ch. 21.4 - Three engines operate between reservoirs separated...Ch. 21.6 - (a) Suppose you select four cards at random from a...Ch. 21.7 - An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature...Ch. 21.7 - True or False: The entropy change in an adiabatic...Ch. 21 - A particular heat engine has a mechanical power...Ch. 21 - The work done by an engine equals one-fourth the...Ch. 21 - Suppose a heat engine is connected to two energy...Ch. 21 - During each cycle, a refrigerator ejects 625 kJ of...
Ch. 21 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 21 - A heat pump has a coefficient of performance equal...Ch. 21 - One of the most efficient heat engines ever built...Ch. 21 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 21 - If a 35.0% -efficient Carnot heat engine (Fig....Ch. 21 - An ideal refrigerator or ideal heat pump is...Ch. 21 - A heat engine is being designed to have a Carnot...Ch. 21 - A power plant operates at a 32.0% efficiency...Ch. 21 - You are working on a summer job at a company that...Ch. 21 - A Carnot heat engine operates between temperatures...Ch. 21 - An electric generating station is designed to have...Ch. 21 - Suppose you build a two-engine device with the...Ch. 21 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 21 - A gasoline engine has a compression ratio of 6.00....Ch. 21 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 21 - (a) Prepare a table like Table 21.1 for the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21PCh. 21 - A Styrofoam cup holding 125 g of hot water at 100C...Ch. 21 - A 1 500-kg car is moving at 20.0 m/s. The driver...Ch. 21 - A 2.00-L container has a center partition that...Ch. 21 - Calculate the change in entropy of 250 g of water...Ch. 21 - What change in entropy occurs when a 27.9-g ice...Ch. 21 - When an aluminum bar is connected between a hot...Ch. 21 - When a metal bar is connected between a hot...Ch. 21 - How fast are you personally making the entropy of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 30APCh. 21 - The energy absorbed by an engine is three times...Ch. 21 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 21 - In 1816, Robert Stirling, a Scottish clergyman,...Ch. 21 - Suppose an ideal (Carnot) heat pump could be...Ch. 21 - Review. This problem complements Problem 44 in...Ch. 21 - A firebox is at 750 K, and the ambient temperature...Ch. 21 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 21 - A system consisting of n moles of an ideal gas...Ch. 21 - A heat engine operates between two reservoirs at...Ch. 21 - You are working as an assistant to a physics...Ch. 21 - Prob. 41APCh. 21 - You are working as an expert witness for an...Ch. 21 - An athlete whose mass is 70.0 kg drinks 16.0...Ch. 21 - Prob. 44APCh. 21 - Prob. 45APCh. 21 - A sample consisting of n moles of an ideal gas...Ch. 21 - The compression ratio of an Otto cycle as shown in...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In an industrial process, a fuel-air mixture is fitted with a piston. When the mixture is ignited at a constant pressure of 700mm Hg, 2.0 kJ of energy is released and is found to occupy a final volume of 200L. What would be the initial volume occupied by the mixture if all energy released is converted as work done by the system to push the piston?arrow_forwardRefrigerant 134a enters a compressor with a mass flow rate of 5 kg/s and a negligible velocity. The refrigerant enters the compressor as a saturated vapor at 10°C and leaves the compressor at 1400 kPa with an enthalpy of 281.39 kJ/kg and a velocity of 50 m/s. The rate of work done on the refrigerant is measured to be 132.4 kW. If the elevation change between the compressor inlet and exit is negligible, determine the rate of heat transfer associated with this process, in kW.arrow_forwardAn automobile tire contains 0.038 m² of air at a gauge pressure of 2.41 × 10³ N/m2. The composition of air is about 78% nitrogen (N2) and 21% oxygen (O2), both diatomic molecules. How much more internal energy, in joules, does the air in the tire have than the same volume of air has at zero gauge pressure outside the tire? Emt,2 - Ent,1 Jarrow_forward
- Consider the process shown in (Figure 1). Figure p (kPa) 400- EV 200- 100 200 300 0₁ 0 V (cm³) 1 of 1 How much work is done on the gas in this process? Express your answer with the appropriate units. W = Submit μA Value Provide Feedback Request Answer Units ?arrow_forwardA certain car has 14 L of liquid coolant circulating at a temperature of 95 degrees Celsius through the engine’s cooling system. Assume that, in this normal condition, the coolant completely fills the 3.5 L volume of the aluminum radiator and the 10.5 L internal cavities within the aluminum engine. When a car overheats, the radiator, engine, and coolant expand and a small reservoir connected to the radiator catches any resultant coolant overflow. Estimate how much coolant overflows to the reservoir if the system goes from 95 degrees Celsius to 106 degrees Celsius. Model the radiator and engine as hollow shells of aluminum. The coefficient of volume expansion for coolant is 410x10^-6 degrees Celsiusarrow_forwardA 50 W electric heater (1 W = 1 J/s) operates for 10.0 minutes to heat a gas in a cylinder. At the same time, the gas expands from 6 to 12 L against to a constant pressure of 3.2 atm. Calculate for the amount of heat.arrow_forward
- 0.0056 mol of gas undergoes the process shown in (Figure 1). gure p (atm) 6 4- 2- 0+ 0 100 200 300 V (cm³) 1 of 1arrow_forwardLiquid helium has a very low boiling point, 4.2 K, as well as a very low latent heat of vaporization, 2.00 104 J/kg. If energy is transferred to a container of liquid helium at the boiling point from an immersed electric heater at a rate of 19.0 W, how long does it take to boil away 2.30 kg of the liquid? _________________minarrow_forwardA cylinder with a movable piston contains 0.4 kg of air under high pressure. 10 g of kerosene is injected into the air which ignites and burns. During combustion, the piston moves so that the pressure of the contained gas does not change. How much work is done during the expansion? Assume that the kerosene combustion value is 5 · 107J / kg.arrow_forward
- A detailed answer will be greatarrow_forwardIf you had an uninsulated air compressor which required W(in)= 400 kW to take air from a state at 80 kPa and 20C and change it to a state at 800 kPa and 200C, what would the rate of Q be? Assume the air enters via a 10 cm diameter pipe at 20 m/s.arrow_forwardYou are working in a condensed-matter laboratory for your senior project. Several of the ongoing projects use liquid helium, which is contained in a thermally insulated vessel that can hold up to a maximum of Vmax = 240 L of the liquid at Tc = 4.20 K. Because some of the liquid helium has already been used, someone asks you to check to see if there is enough for the next day, on which four different experimental groups will need liquid helium. You are not sure how to measure the amount of liquid remaining, so you insert an aluminum rod of length L = 2.00 m and with a cross-sectional area A = 2.50 cm2 into the vessel. By seeing how much of the lower end of the rod is frosted when you pull it out, you can estimate the depth of the liquid helium. After inserting the rod, however, one of the experimenters calls you over to perform a task and you forget about the rod, leaving it in the liquid helium until the next morning. How much liquid helium is available for the next day’s experiments?…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning