Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 3RQ
Describe and explain changes in Venus’s surface temperature during the planet’s history.
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If we moved Venus out to 1 AU from the Sun (same as Earth), Venus would probably
a.
become more like Earth, with oceans and a temperate climate
b.
remain hot, dry, and dead because it's permanently lost its oceans
c.
become more like Mars, losing most of its atmosphere and freezing
d.
become much less geologically active due to decreased solar heating
Describe the planet Venus. Attributes like atmosphere, rotation, etc. should be included in your description.
Which of the following is NOT best explained by Venus's extreme greenhouse effect?
a.
its extremely high surface temperature
b.
its extremely uniform surface temperature
c.
its extremely low surface wind speeds
d.
its lack of magnetism
Chapter 21 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21 - Describe four ways Venus is similar to Earth...Ch. 21 - Why might you expect that Venuss surface...Ch. 21 - Describe and explain changes in Venuss surface...Ch. 21 - Describe sources and sinks of CO2, if any, on...Ch. 21 - Does Venuss surface experience meteorite impacts...Ch. 21 - Describe evidence of crustal movement (horizontal...Ch. 21 - Why isnt the crust of Venus broken into mobile...Ch. 21 - Do either Venus or Mars have composite volcanoes?...Ch. 21 - What evidence can you give that Venus once had...Ch. 21 - What evidence shows that Venus has been resurfaced...
Ch. 21 - Describe four ways Mars is similar to Earth today....Ch. 21 - How are todays atmospheres of Venus and Mars...Ch. 21 - Where is the oxygen on Mars today? How do you...Ch. 21 - Why doesnt Mars have folded mountain ranges like...Ch. 21 - Why isnt the crust of Mars broken into mobile...Ch. 21 - What were the canals on Mars eventually found to...Ch. 21 - How can planetary scientists estimate the ages of...Ch. 21 - Propose an explanation for the nearly pure CO2...Ch. 21 - Prob. 19RQCh. 21 - Describe sources and sinks of CO2, if any, on Mars...Ch. 21 - Does Marss surface experience any meteorite...Ch. 21 - Describe evidence of crustal movement (horizontal...Ch. 21 - What surface features on Mars today indicate that...Ch. 21 - Why are Phobos and Deimos non-spherical? Why is...Ch. 21 - How are a weather radar map and an image of a...Ch. 21 - Atmospheric jet streams on Venus travel at about...Ch. 21 - How long would radio signals take to travel from...Ch. 21 - What is the maximum angular diameter of Venus as...Ch. 21 - The Pioneer Venus orbiter circled Venus with a...Ch. 21 - Calculate the velocity of Venus as it orbits the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 6PCh. 21 - If the Magellan spacecraft transmitted radio...Ch. 21 - Prob. 8PCh. 21 - What is the angular size of Phobos observed from...Ch. 21 - Prob. 10PCh. 21 - Prob. 11PCh. 21 - Deimos is about 13 km in diameter and has a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 21 - Mercury averages only 0.39 AU from the Sun, Venus...Ch. 21 - The radius of Mars is about 3400 km, and its moons...Ch. 21 - Look at Figure 21-1. Compare temperature profiles...Ch. 21 - Look at the map of the Hawaiian chain of islands...Ch. 21 - Look at Figure 21-11. Which molecule(s) can escape...Ch. 21 - Volcano Sif Mons on Venus is shown in this radar...Ch. 21 - Olympus Mons on Mars is an enormous volcano. In...
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- Activity 2. Quest for Escape planet. Study and analyze the illustrations and determine whether the statements below are true or false. The speedometer readings in every spacecraft show the escape velocities of each Mercury nspater 10 4 turn Venus 11 2 Ur arus farth Neptune Mars rwan TRUE or FALSE 1. A spacecraft must attain a speed of 11.2 km/s to leave the Earth's surface. 2. It is easier to leave the surface of Jupiter than Earth. 3. Escape velocity is affected by the planet's mass. 4. Mars has smaller escape velocity than Venus and Earth because it is farther from the sun. 5. The escape velocity of a planet is not affected by the sun's warping of space- time.arrow_forwardWhich planet has impact craters just scattered randomly over its entire surface? a. Mercury b. Venus c. Earth d. Mars 2. We hope to find evidence of past life on Venus by discovering fossils there someday. True Falsearrow_forwardWhich of the following planetary traits is well established? choose one of the following: a) Mercury has a similar compositon to that of our moon, in that they both have a substantial metal content. b) Venus rotates more rapidly than Earth, but in the opposite direction. c) Earth's atmosphere exhibits a slightly stronger greenhouse effect than that seen on Venus. d)Astronomers have precisely calculated the mass of Mercury thanks to artificial satellites sent from Earth.arrow_forward
- What are the advantages of using radar imaging rather than ordinary cameras to study the topography of Venus? What are the relative advantages of these two approaches to mapping Earth or Mars?arrow_forwardSummarize the origin and evolution of the atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars.arrow_forwardHow might Venus’ atmosphere have evolved to its present state through a runaway greenhouse effect?arrow_forward
- Describe the current atmosphere on Mars. What evidence suggests that it must have been different in the past?arrow_forwardThe runaway greenhouse effect and its inverse, the runaway refrigerator effect, have led to harsh, uninhabitable conditions on Venus and Mars. Does the greenhouse effect always cause climate changes leading to loss of water and life? Give a reason for your answer.arrow_forwardThe Soviet Venera landers found rocks on Venus that were over 4 billion years old. True False 2. Venus is very bright and reflective because of its a. high surface temperatures b. large number of active volcanoes c. thick cover of sulfuric-acid clouds d. planet-wide oceansarrow_forward
- What evidence suggests that Venus has resurfaced within the last half billion years?arrow_forwardDescribe Titan's atmosphere. What did the Cassini/Huygens mission discover about the surface of Titan?arrow_forwardEventually, space telescopes have shown that Venus is shrouded by a very dense atmosphere (see Figure 6). To pierce through the dense clouds and study its surface, astronomers had to use radio imaging (see Figure 7). Venus’ atmosphere is transparent to radio waves. Research and explain briefly how, through radio imaging, Venus’ surface could be reconstructed.arrow_forward
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