Concept explainers
Putting It Together: Online Homework Keeping students engaged in the learning process greatly increases their chance of success in a course. Traditional lecture-based math instruction has given way to a more student-engaged approach where students interact with the teacher in class and receive immediate feedback to their responses. The teacher presence allows students, when incorrect in a response, to be guided through a solution and then immediately be given a similar problem to attempt.
A researcher conducted a study to investigate whether an online homework system using an attempt–feedback–reattempt approach improved student learning over traditional pencil-and-paper homework. The online homework system was designed to increase student engagement outside class, something commonly missing in traditional pencil-and-paper assignments, ultimately leading to increased learning.
The study was conducted using two first-semester calculus classes taught by the researcher in a single semester. One class was assigned traditional homework and the other was assigned online homework that used the attempt–feedback–reattempt approach. The summaries are based on data from the study.
- a. What is the research objective?
- b. Is this study an observational study or experiment?
- c. Give an example of how the researcher attempted to control variables in the study.
- d. Explain why assigning homework type to entirely separate classes can confound the conclusions of the study.
- e. For the data in the table, (i) identify the variables, (ii) indicate whether the variables are qualitative or quantitative, and (iii) for each quantitative variable, indicate whether the variable is discrete or continuous.
Source: Journal of Computer in Mathematics and Science Teaching 26(1):55–73, 2007
- f. What type of variable is letter grade? What level of measurement is letter grade? Do you think presenting the data in a table from A to F would be a better representation of the data than presenting it in a graph?
- g. What type of graph is displayed?
- h. Could the data in the graph be presented in a pie chart? If so, what is the “whole”? If not, why not?
- i. Considering the students with no prior college experience, how might the table and the graph generate conflicting conclusions?
Learn your wayIncludes step-by-step video
Chapter 2 Solutions
Fundamentals of Statistics (5th Edition)
Additional Math Textbook Solutions
Basic Business Statistics, Student Value Edition (13th Edition)
Essentials of Statistics, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
An Introduction to Mathematical Statistics and Its Applications (6th Edition)
Statistics for Psychology
Intro Stats, Books a la Carte Edition (5th Edition)
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th Edition)
- Cholesterol Cholesterol in human blood is necessary, but too much can lead to health problems. There are three main types of cholesterol: HDL (high-density lipoproteins), LDL (low-density lipoproteins), and VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins). HDL is considered “good” cholesterol; LDL and VLDL are considered “bad” cholesterol. A standard fasting cholesterol blood test measures total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. These numbers are used to estimate LDL and VLDL, which are difficult to measure directly. Your doctor recommends that your combined LDL/VLDL cholesterol level be less than 130 milligrams per deciliter, your HDL cholesterol level be at least 60 milligrams per deciliter, and your total cholesterol level be no more than 200 milligrams per deciliter. (a) Write a system of linear inequalities for the recommended cholesterol levels. Let x represent the HDL cholesterol level, and let y represent the combined LDL VLDL cholesterol level. (b) Graph the system of inequalities from part (a). Label any vertices of the solution region. (c) Is the following set of cholesterol levels within the recommendations? Explain. LDL/VLDL: 120 milligrams per deciliter HDL: 90 milligrams per deciliter Total: 210 milligrams per deciliter (d) Give an example of cholesterol levels in which the LDL/VLDL cholesterol level is too high but the HDL cholesterol level is acceptable. (e) Another recommendation is that the ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol be less than 4 (that is, less than 4 to 1). Identify a point in the solution region from part (b) that meets this recommendation, and explain why it meets the recommendation.arrow_forwardA researcher conducts a survey examining eating and sleeping behavior as well as academic performance for a group of elementary school children. The results of the survey indicate that the children who eat a more nutritious breakfast tend to have better grades than the children who have a breakfast low in nutrition. However, the research suspects that the children's parents may be responsible for this relationship. Specifically, the better-educated parents probably encourage their children to eat better food and work harder in school compared to parents with less education. If the researcher is correct, this is an example of the_ O A. criterion problem O B. directionality problem O C.third-variable problem D. reversal problem Reset Selection 7,821 MAR etv A A O w 4 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F2 & 3 4 5 7 9. %3D E Yarrow_forwardKeeping students engaged in the learning process greatly increase their chance of success in acourse. Traditional lecture-based math instruction has given way to a more student-engagedapproach where the students interact with the teacher in class and receive immediate feedbackto their responses. The teacher presence allows students, when incorrect in a response, to beguided through a solution and then immediately be given a similar problem to attempt.A researcher conducted a study to investigate whether an online homework system using anattempt-feedback-reattempt approach improved student learning over traditional pencil-andpaper homework. The online homework system was designed to increase student engagementoutside class, something commonly missing in traditional pencil-and-paper assignments,ultimately leading to increased learning.The study was conducted using two first-semester calculus classes taught by the researcher ina single semester. One class was assigned traditional homework…arrow_forward
- How do you do this?arrow_forwardThe Simple Solution to Traffic A study in 2017 showed that Metro Manila has the 3rd worst traffic among its Southeast Asian neighbors. Government authorities are receiving several complaints from commuters due to the worst transport connectivity and endless queueing and congestions among rail transit stations. In this regard, aligning projects for the improvement of the traffic system as part of the "Metro Manila Dream (MMD) Plan" was set into motion. However, media reports claimed that many commuters did not feel any improvement in the current traffic situation in the Metro, especially in Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA). The chair of the Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) is keen to verify if the road traffic conditions are fairly improving in EDSA despite various media reports. In the past, the recorded vehicular traffic speed in EDSA shows about 15 kph, on the average. To do this, the MMDA deployed speed measuring radars in which the traffic speeds of 200 randomly sampled…arrow_forwardA Professor offered a course that was delivered half online and half in-person (e.g., 1 week online and 1 week in-person). The Professor hypothesized that students were spending less time engaged with course material during online weeks compared to in-person weeks. At the end of the semester, students were asked to provide the amount of time they tended to course tasks in a week. Tasks included doing course readings, preparing lecture material, and doing weekly assignments. The weeks were classified as online or in-person and the average amount of time (rounded to the nearest hour) spent engaged with course material is provided for 15 students in the course. Online 4 3 6 2 2 4 7 4 3 2 6 3 In-person 7 4 4 6 4 3 4 Test the hypothesis at the 5% significance level (a = 0.05) using the 5-step hypothesis testing procedure (show ALL steps). Make sure to clearly state the null and alternative hypotheses in formal notation. Round all values to 2 decimal places. Show your work. Take a picture of…arrow_forward
- If you are studying the effects of type of stimulus (visual or auditory) AND speed of presentation (fast or slow) on memory, then finding one significant main effect means that the effect of type of stimulus or speed of presentation is significant. the effects of both type of stimulus and speed of presentation are significant. there is a significant interaction between type of stimulus and speed of presentation. the effects of neither type of stimulus nor speed of presentation are significant. In an A BA B design O you take baseline measurements of behavior, then introduce a treatment and measure behavior then remove the treatment and measure behavior, and then reintroduce the treatment and measure behavior you have two subjects, A and B, and A gets a treatmént and B does not and then B is given the treatment and A'is not O you compare the effects of treatment A and treatment B O you need to have a large (> 30) number of participants. >>arrow_forwardPsychologists who study perceptual/motor tasks often refer to something called the “Speed/Accuracy Tradeoff” or SAT. In many human responses we can respond very quickly and sacrifice response accuracy, or we can respond with precision and accuracy and sacrifice speed. Sports psychologists have found that both novice and skilled golfers demonstrate a SAT in various aspects of the game. Ask any golfer about driving the ball and on top of getting a discussion about club head speed and fairways hit, you’ll likely hear some version of the old saying “there’s a lot of big hitters in the woods.” Hitting it long is great, but lots of long hitters wind up way off line. Some of these big hitters are well known because they’ve won, but lots of the names on the list of the top 25 drivers of the golf ball are unknowns—they can drive the ball a country mile, but they don’t win the big tournaments, perhaps because they have to hit their second shot from the deep woods. Suppose we select a random…arrow_forwardAir traffic controllers perform the vital function of regulating the traffic of passenger planes. Frequently, air traffic controllers work long hours with little sleep . Researchers wanted to test their ability to make basic decisions as they become increasingly sleep deprived . To test their abilities, a sample of 10 air traffic controllers is selected and given a decision-making skills test following 12-hour, 24-hour, and 48 -hour sleep deprivation. Higher scores indicate better decision-making skills. The table lists the hypothetical results of this study. 12hours 24Hours 48hours21 16 15 17 20 19 32 21 20 25 19 12 21 13 14 19 19 13 (a) Complete the F table. (b) Compute a Bonferroni procedure and interpret the results. solve by hand steps and spss process show resultsarrow_forward
- Large companies typically collect volumes of data before designing a product, not only to gain information as to whether the product should be released, but also to pinpoint which markets would be the best targets for the product. Several months ago, I was interviewed by such a company while shopping at a mall. I was asked about my exercise habits and whether or not I'd be interested in buying a video/DVD designed to teach stretching exercises. I fall into the male, 18-35-years-old category, and I guessed that, like me, many males in that category would not be interested in a stretching video. My friend Holly falls in the female, older-than-35 category, and I was thinking that she might like the stretching video. After being interviewed, I looked at the interviewer's results. Of the 89 people in my market category who had been interviewed, 20 said they would buy the product, and of the 103 people in Holly's market category, 28 said they would buy it. Assuming that these…arrow_forwardLarge companies typically collect volumes of data before designing a product, not only to gain information as to whether the product should be released, but also to pinpoint which markets would be the best targets for the product. Several months ago, I was interviewed by such a company while shopping at a mall. I was asked about my exercise habits and whether or not I'd be interested in buying a video/DVD designed to teach stretching exercises. I fall into the male, 18 - 35-years-old category, and I guessed that, like me, many males in that category would not be interested in a stretching video. My friend Holly falls in the female, older-than-35 category, and I was thinking that she might like the stretching video. After being interviewed, I looked at the interviewer's results. Of the 94 people in my market category who had been interviewed, 14 said they would buy the product, and of the 108 people in Holly's market category, 34 said they would buy it. Assuming that these data came…arrow_forwardIs it possible to have several dependent variables in a model? Are several variables possible in a decision-making problem? Which model—descriptive, predictive, or prescriptive—of a particular choice issue would you be most likely to employ if it were offered to you? Why? Give an example of a well-known corporate, political, or military leader who made a choice that either had a positive or negative impact. What distinguishes a computer model from a spreadsheet model?arrow_forward
- Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Stu...AlgebraISBN:9781680331141Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURTPublisher:Houghton Mifflin HarcourtHolt Mcdougal Larson Pre-algebra: Student Edition...AlgebraISBN:9780547587776Author:HOLT MCDOUGALPublisher:HOLT MCDOUGAL