Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 21, Problem 21.48E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The term ‘genetic mutation’ is to be defined.
Concept introduction:
A permanent alteration in
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Question 5: Name the following compound in two ways
using side chain and using prefix amine (Common name
and IUPAC name both)
CH3NH2
CH3CH2NHCH3
CH₂CH₂N(CH3)2
Draw the structure of diethyl methyl amine
Question 6. Write the balanced combustion reaction
for:
a. Hexane
b. Propyne
c. 2-pentene
Question 7: Write the following electrophilic
substitution reactions of benzene:
Hint: Use notes if you get confused
a. Halogenation reaction:
b. Nitration reaction :
c. Sulphonation reaction:
d. Alkylation reaction:
e. Aceylation reaction:
Question 4. Name the following structures
○
CH3-C-N-H
H
CH3CH2-C-N-H
H
CH3CH2-C-N-CH3
H
A. Add Water to below compound which 2-methyl 2-butene (addition Reaction)
H₂C
CH₂
CH,
+ H₂O-> ?
Major product?
Minor product?
B. Add Bromine to the compound which 2-methyl 2-butene (addition Reaction)
CH₂
CH₂
+ Br₂→ ?
Major product and Minor product both are same in this?
C. Add Hydrogen Bromide to the compound which 2-methyl 2-butene (addition
Reaction)
H,C
CH₂
CH₂
+ HBr
Major product?
Minor product?
D. Add Hydrogen to the compound which 2-methyl 2-butene (addition Reaction)
CH₂
CH₂
+ H₂
Major product and Minor product both are same in this?
Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Ch. 21 - What is the principal location of DNA within the...Ch. 21 - Which pentose sugar is present in DNA? In RNA?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.3ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.4ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.5ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.6ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.7ECh. 21 - Identify the 3 and 5 ends of the DNA segment...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.9ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.10E
Ch. 21 - Describe the role of hydrogen bonding in the...Ch. 21 - How many total hydrogen bonds would exist between...Ch. 21 - How many total hydrogen bonds would exist between...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.14ECh. 21 - A strand of DNA has the base sequence GATTCA....Ch. 21 - What is a chromosome? How many chromosomes are in...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.17ECh. 21 - What is a replication fork?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.19ECh. 21 - List the steps involved in DNA replication.Ch. 21 - What enzymes are involved in DNA replication?Ch. 21 - In what direction is a new DNA strand formed?Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.23ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.24ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.25ECh. 21 - How does the sugar-phosphate backbone of RNA...Ch. 21 - Compare the secondary structures of RNA and DNA.Ch. 21 - Briefly describe the characteristics and functions...Ch. 21 - Must the ratio of guanine to cytosine be 1:1 in...Ch. 21 - What are the two important regions of a tRNA...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.31ECh. 21 - In the flow of genetic information, what is meant...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.33ECh. 21 - Write the base sequence for the mRNA that would be...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.35ECh. 21 - What is the relationship among exons, introns, and...Ch. 21 - What is a codon?Ch. 21 - For each of the following mRNA codons, give the...Ch. 21 - Describe the experiment that allowed researchers...Ch. 21 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 21 - The -chain of hemoglobin is a protein that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.42ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.43ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.44ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.45ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.46ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.47ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.48ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.49ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.50ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.51ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.52ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.53ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.54ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.55ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.56ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.57ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.58ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.59ECh. 21 - Genetic engineering shows great promise for the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.61ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.62ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.63ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.64ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.65ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.66ECh. 21 - How does the DNA content determine what reactions...Ch. 21 - What would be the ramifications if DNA were single...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.69ECh. 21 - Prob. 21.70ECh. 21 - Explain the function and importance of each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21.72ECh. 21 - Which base is found in DNA but not in RNA? a....Ch. 21 - Which of the following best describes tRNA? a. It...Ch. 21 - Which of the following is the site of protein...Ch. 21 - In messenger RNA, a codon contains how many...
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- 36) Complete the following multi-step reactions showing applications of enolate ions arising from ketones, esters, malonic ester, and keto ester, etc. (30 pts) (1) A NaOH, H₂O+ heat A NaOEt EtO OEt (11) EOH, H+ H. B LDA, H₂O+ -78°C B (i) NaOMe, Et-Br (ii) H₂O+, heat EtOOC (III) COOEt B A (i) NaOEt LiAlH 4-bromo-2-butene H₂O+ (ii) H3O+, heat Write the mechanism for Aldol Condensation (I A or B), and Claisen Condensation (II A).arrow_forward31) Complete two sets of reactions involving (R)-4-methyl-pent-2-ol producing racemic mixture of tertiary alcohols (D) and ketone derivative (C). Illustrate the mechanism of B and C or D. (25 pts) O OH 0 K2Cr2O7 Ph-CH2-Br, Mg, H2SO4 THF, H3O* (A) (D) Racemic mixture TsCl, Py (B) KCN, DMSO Ph-CH2-Br, Mg, THF, H3O+ (C) Mechanism for reactions B and C:arrow_forwardManoharan Mariappan, Ph.D., Dept. of Natur. Sci., NFC, Tallahassee, FL 33) Synthesize the aromatic compound containing para-substituted carbonyl compound starting from benzene. Illustrate the mechanism for reaction A. 1) NU (25 pts) A FeCl B (i) HNO3, H2SO4 (II) Sn, HCl(aq) NH₂ NO₂-D NH₂ (i) MeCO2Me, heat C (ii) K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 D (ii) SOCl2 (iii) 2 Et-NH2 Mechanism for reaction for the nitration of alkyl benzene (B-i): Characterize the product compound arising from the reaction D by IR and IH NMR spectral data: IR data (cm): 'H NMR data: Draw the structure and assign the chemical shift with the spin-splitting.arrow_forward
- Write structural formulas for the major products by doing addition reactions 1. You must add H2 as Pt is catalyst it does not take part in reactions only speed up the process H₂ CH2=CH-CH3 Pt 2. Add HCI break it into H and Cl CH3 HCI 3. Add Br2 only CC14 is catalyst CH3-CH=CH2 B12 CCl4 4. Add water to this and draw major product, H2SO4 is catalyst you have add water H20 in both the reaction below H₂SO4 CH3-CH=CH2 CH3 H2SO4/H₂O CH3-C=CH2 reflux ?arrow_forwardPlan the synthesis of the following compound using the starting material provided and any other reagents needed as long as carbon based reagents have 3 carbons or less. Either the retrosynthesis or the forward synthesis (mechanisms are not required but will be graded if provided) will be accepted if all necessary reagents and intermediates are shown (solvents and temperature requirements are not needed unless specifically involved in the reaction, i.e. DMSO in the Swern oxidation or heat in the KMnO4 oxidation). H Harrow_forwardHint These are benzene substitution reactions. ALCI3 and UV light are catalyst no part in reactions and triangle A means heating. A. Add ethyl for Et in benzene ring alkylation reaction EtCl = CH3CH2CL 1) EtC1 / AlCl3 / A ? B: Add Br to benzene ring ( substitution) 2) Br₂ / uv light ? C Add (CH3)2 CHCH2 in benzene ring ( substitution) (CH3)2CHCH,C1 / AICI, ?arrow_forward
- Draw the mechanism to make the alcohol 2-hexanol. Draw the Mechanism to make the alcohol 1-hexanol.arrow_forwardDraw the mechanism for the formation of diol by starting with 1-pentanal in... basic conditions then acidic conditions then draw the mechanism for the formation of a carboxylic acid from your product.arrow_forwardIdentify each chiral carbon as either R or S. Identify the overall carbohydrates as L or Darrow_forward
- Ethers can be formed via acid-catalyzed acetal formation. Draw the mechanism for the molecule below and ethanol.arrow_forwardHOCH, H HO CH-OH OH H OH 11 CH₂OH F II OH H H 0 + H OHarrow_forwardDraw the mechanism for the formation of diol by starting with one pen and all in... basic conditions then acidic conditions then draw the mechanism for the formation of a carboxylic acid from your product.arrow_forward
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