Chapter 21, Problem 21.11QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The wavelength required to break the bond between oxygen and hydrogen atom with given minimum energy requires for breaking the bond should be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Bond Dissociation Energy: The minimum energy required to break a bond between two atoms present in the molecule is called bond dissociation energy.

Energy: The energy is conversed property since it can neither be created nor be destroyed but can be transformed. The energy of the photon is obtained by using the following relation

$\begin{array}{l}\text{E}\text{=}\text{hν}\\ \text{h}\to \text{Planck's constant = 6}\text{.63}\times {\text{10}}^{\text{-34}}\text{J}\text{.s}\\ \text{ν}\to \text{frequency}\text{of}\text{the}\text{photon}\end{array}$

Wavelength: The distance between the two continuous maximum displacements present in wave or the two continuous minimum displacements present in a wave exhibited by the photons is called wavelength. The wavelength of the photon is inversely proportional to its frequency. The relationship between them is given by the following formula,

$\text{(wavelength)λ}\text{=}\frac{\text{(velocity of light)c}}{\text{(frequency)ν}}$

Frequency: It denotes the number of waves passes in given amount of time.

Atmosphere: The atmosphere is defined as air that is layer of gases which surrounds the earth due to gravity of earth.

The earth atmosphere consists of layers such as thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere depending on the temperature and its composition.

Stratosphere:

It is found below the mesosphere layer in which the concentration of ozone and other gases are high. The increasing temperature for this layer with respect to increasing height is due to the presence of high concentration of ozone and other gases in it.

The increased temperature is due to the response of UV radiation from sun and hence ozone is formed due to this reaction and the use of ozone is that it prevents the UV radiation from the sun which is actually harmful.

Troposphere:

The layer is below stratosphere layer and it is closest to the earth surface. It is wholly composed of major air that is 80% of the total mass and almost all the water vapor.

It is the thinnest place which is responsible for all weather conditions since it contains almost all amounts of water vapor with it.

To determine: The wavelength required to decompose the given bond and the stability of that species in the given atmospheric layers.