Chapter 21, Problem 21.19QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The effective ways in order to limit the ozone depletion should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Atmosphere: The atmosphere is defined as air that is layer of gases which surrounds the earth due to gravity of earth.

The earth atmosphere consists of layers such as thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere and troposphere depending on the temperature and its composition.

Stratosphere:

It is found below the mesosphere layer in which the concentration of ozone and other gases are high. The increasing temperature for this layer with respect to increasing height is due to the presence of high concentration of ozone and other gases in it.

The increased temperature is due to the response of UV radiation from sun and hence ozone is formed due to this reaction and the use of ozone is that it prevents the UV radiation from the sun which is actually harmful.

The release of gases from volcanic eruptions and the human activities leads to ejection of many gases those results in the depletion of ozone layer which then makes to direct exposure of UV on earth surface from sun.

Volcanic eruptions: The molten rock, that is the layer immediately below the uppermost layer (crust), rises through the cracks in crust due to changes in temperature with evolution of gases like ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,CO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,H}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}$, water vapor, liquids and solids.

The volcanic eruptions are the primary source for the two-third percent composition present in the air.

Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC): They are compounds that contain only carbon, fluorine and chlorine with it. They are gases can be easily liquefied, have little ability to react readily, are non-poisonous and do not catch fire easily.

Nitrogen oxides: They are binary compound that contains only oxygen and nitrogen with them.

To determine: The ways to control the ozone depletion.