Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 1TYU
Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some ______ survive and reproduce better than others.
- A. alleles
- B. loci
- C. species
- D. individuals
Expert Solution & Answer
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The term “natural selection” was given and popularized by Charles Darwin. Simply, it is defined as “survival of the fittest”. It is the differential survival of organisms on the basis of their phenotype and genotype. Natural selection is the key to evolution.
Answer to Problem 1TYU
Correct answer:
Some individuals survive and reproduce better than others. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reasons for the correct statement:
Some individuals survive and reproduce better than the others. This is due to the difference in genotype or different individuals. Individuals acquire traits, which may be better than the others. This is responsible for natural selection.
Option (D) is given as “individuals”.
“Natural selection changes allele frequencies because some individuals survive and reproduce better than others”, it is the right answer.
Hence, the option (D) is correct.
Reasons for the incorrect statement:
Option (A) is given as “alleles”.
Alleles are defined as alternate form of the same gene. These are found in same loci on the same chromosome. Alleles are a result of mutation. Allele frequency increases as cross-reproduction increases. Same alleles cannot be found in each generation. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (B) is given as “loci”.
Loci are the fixed location on a chromosome. These define the position of a genetic marker or a gene. These are not responsible for natural selection. So, it is a wrong answer.
Option (C) is given as “species”.
Species is a group of morphologically similar individuals, which are capable of interbreeding. Species evolve due to natural selection, but no two individuals in a species can have the same genotype. Some individuals in a species have better chances of survival than others. So, it is a wrong answer.
Hence, options (A), (B), and (C) are incorrect.
Conclusion
Natural selection is a process of differential selection of individuals. It is the basic reason of evolution. Some individuals in a species have better chances of survival than others and species keep on acquiring new and better traits than previous ones due to this reason.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - Explain why genetic variation within a population...Ch. 21.1 - Of all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 21.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 21.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 21.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 21.3 - Distinguish genetic drift from gene flow in terms...Ch. 21.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 21.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 21.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 21 - No two people are genetically identical, except...Ch. 21 - Sparrows With average-sized w1ngs survive severe...Ch. 21 - If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals...Ch. 21 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 21 - A fruit fly population has a gene with two...Ch. 21 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Using at least TWO examples,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 21 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake formed...
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