Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 3TYU
Sparrows With average-sized w1ngs survive severe storms better than those with longer or shorter wings, illustrating
- A. the bottleneck effect
- B. disruptive selection.
- C. frequency-dependent selection.
- D. stabilizing selection.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Which of the following changes would cause directional selection?
a
A habitat made of trees with light-colored bark and newly soot-covered bark results in moths that are either white or black.
b
An increase in intermediate-colored rocks leads to the decrease in light-colored mice and dark-colored mice.
c
A shortage of water leads to the death of many aquatic plants.
d
There is an abundance of large seeds available, leading to an increase in the beak size of birds.
Some females seem to prefer the green colouration and some females seem to prefer the blue colouration. What type of selection is this an example of?
a. stabilizing
b. balancing
c. directional
d. diversifying
A gene exists in two alleles, and the heterozygote has the highest fitness. This situation is likely to result in
a. directional selection. c. disruptive selection.
b. stabilizing selection. d. balancing selection.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - Explain why genetic variation within a population...Ch. 21.1 - Of all the mutations that occur in a population,...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21.2 - A population has 700 individuals, 85 of genotype...Ch. 21.2 - The frequency of allele a is 0.45 for a population...Ch. 21.2 - WHAT IF? A locus that affects susceptibility to a...Ch. 21.3 - In what sense is natural selection more...Ch. 21.3 - Distinguish genetic drift from gene flow in terms...Ch. 21.3 - WHAT IF? Suppose two plant populations exchange...Ch. 21.4 - What is the relative fitness of a sterile mule?...
Ch. 21.4 - Explain why natural selection is the only...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 21 - Natural selection changes allele frequencies...Ch. 21 - No two people are genetically identical, except...Ch. 21 - Sparrows With average-sized w1ngs survive severe...Ch. 21 - If the nucleotide variability of a locus equals...Ch. 21 - There are 25 individuals in population 1, all with...Ch. 21 - A fruit fly population has a gene with two...Ch. 21 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Using at least TWO examples,...Ch. 21 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 21 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This kettle lake formed...
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- A population occupies heterogeneous environments in which the fitness of some genotypes is higher in one environment and the fitness of other individuals is higher in another environment. This situation is likely to result in a. directional selection. b. stabilizing selection. c. disruptive selection. d. balancing selection.arrow_forwardSelection that causes one extreme phenotype to be more frequent in a population is an example ofa. disruptive selection.b. stabilizing selection.c. directional selection.d. equivalent selection.arrow_forwardA. Stabilizing Selection B. Disruptive Selection C. Directional Selection D. Normal Selection 26. A biologist studying wolves has collected data on the mass of meat caught per day from hunts by packs varying in size from 2 to 15 wolves. The data show that as pack size increases, the mass of meat available per pack member per day increases. Which additional study would provide evidence that pack hunting provides an advantage? A. Measure and compare the abili ty of wolves of varying ages to successfully engage in hunting. B. Observe whether an individual wolf hunts different types of prey than a pack of wolves hunts. C. Measure the ratio of male to female wolves engaging in hunting to see if it varies with pack size. D. Compare the average number of pups per litter that reach reproductive age for wolf packs of different sizes. luminate Education TM Inc.arrow_forward
- A type of bird on an island makes nests in both tree roots and in tree branches at various heights from the ground. A ground snake invades the island and eats eggs or chicks from nests in tree roots and low tree branches. Part A: What type of selection is operating on the height at which the bird places its nest? A. Stabilizing B. Balancing C. Directional D. Disruptive What's the rationale? What effect will this selection have on the trait phenotype (height of nest)? Answer based on chart linkedarrow_forwardIt is believed that trichomes give an evolutionary advantage to plants when herbivory is high because the trichomes may be irritating to the animals that feed on these plants. In these situations, the selection pressure would favor plants with more trichomes. The experiment described above mimics this condition. What type of selection is represented here? A. Stabilizing B. Disruptive C. Directional selectionarrow_forwardYou are studying a genetically modified mouse that produces electric blue fur, which is not a fur color observed in nature. You notice that females prefer males that have the blue fur when given a choice test for mates. This result supports which of the following models of sexual selection? a. Sexual selection for indirect benefits b. Sexual selection for direct benefits c. Sexual selection for arbitrary traits d. None of the abovearrow_forward
- The Grants have studied finches on the Galapagos Islabds for 40+ years. During times of drought there is less green/flowering vegetation available as a good source for the finches. This leaves only the hard seeds. The grants have found that during drought, finches with larger beaks survive at a higher rate because they can access food source. This would be an example of ____ A.Selective pressure B. good genes hypothesis C. handicap principle D. population variationarrow_forwardWhich of the following traits does not describe a r-selected species? A. rapid development B. low parental investment C. high reproductive rates D. short life spans E. late maturationarrow_forwardIn marine iguanas males are much larger than females and fight with one another for access to areas that are preferred by females. What type of evolutionary force is causing the increase in male size? Group of answer choices A. disruptive (natural) selection B. intrasexual selection C. disruptive (natural) selection D. stabilizing (natural) selection E. intersexual selectionarrow_forward
- Match the following statements with the appropriate term The terms are: a.Genetic polymorphism b. Stabilizing selection c. Directional selection d.gene flow e. Vestigial f.heterochrony g. Cline i. Polyploidy j. genetic drift L. Natural selection m. Sexual dimorphism n. Adaptation o. Homology p. Convergence q. Disruptive selection Match the following statements with the appropriate term random fluctuation in gene pool (e.g., bottleneck & founder effect) Answer 1 mutational change that results in individuals with more than two sets of chromosomes, sometimes leading to a distinct species Answer 2 when adult males and adult females of the same species differ in their physical appearance Answer 3 similar adaptations resulting from a common ancestor (for example, all canines have long snouts because their common ancestor did, too). Answer 4 genetic input from other populations Answer 5 favours intermediate variants by acting against both extremes Answer 6 accumulation of…arrow_forwardIn many birds males display to females at perch sites. Females visit multiple perch sites, watch the displays, and then mate with one of the males. What type of evolutionary force is acting on male displays? Group of answer choices A. directional (natural) selection B. intersexual selection C. stabilizing (natural) selection D. disruptive (natural) selection E. intrasexual selectionarrow_forwardIs each of the following examples due to directional, disruptive, balancing, or stabilizing selection? A. Polymorphisms in snail color and banding pattern as described. B. Thick fur among mammals exposed to cold climates C. Birth weight in humans D. Sturdy stems and leaves among plants exposed to windy climatesarrow_forward
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