Chapter 20, Problem 37QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Complete and balance the given combustion reaction of alkane.

${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6(g)+{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to$.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{n}}{\text{H}}_{2\text{n}+2}$.

The reaction in which burning of alkanes takes place in oxygen to release water and carbon dioxide is known combustion reaction of alkane.

Answer to Problem 37QAP

${\text{2C}}_2{\text{H}}_6(g)+7{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to 4{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+6{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is combustion of ethane. Combustion of ethane produces carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is shown below:

${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6(g)+{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$

Now, balance the above reaction, number of carbon atom is 2 on reactant side and on product side number of carbon atom is 1. Similarly, number of hydrogen atom is 6 on reactant side and on product side number of hydrogen atom is 2. Number of oxygen atom is 2 on reactant side and on product side number of oxygen atom is 3.

To balance the reaction, multiply ${\text{CO}}_2$ by 4 and ${\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}$ by 6 and, ${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6$ by 2 and ${\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}$ by 7. Equation becomes:

${\text{2C}}_2{\text{H}}_6(g)+7{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to 4{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+6{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$

Thus, number of carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms are equal on both sides of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Complete and balance the given combustion reaction of alkane.

${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}(g)+{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to$.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{n}}{\text{H}}_{2\text{n}+2}$.

The reaction in which burning of alkanes takes place in oxygen to release water and carbon dioxide is known combustion reaction of alkane.

Answer to Problem 37QAP

${\text{2C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}(g)+13{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to 8{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+10{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is combustion of butane. Combustion of butane produces carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is shown below:

${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}(g)+{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$

Now, balance the above reaction, number of carbon atom is 4 on reactant side and on product side number of carbon atom is 1. Similarly, number of hydrogen atom is 10 on reactant side and on product side number of hydrogen atom is 2. Number of oxygen atom is 2 on reactant side and on product side number of oxygen atom is 3.

To balance the reaction, multiply ${\text{CO}}_2$ by 4 and ${\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}$ by 10 and, ${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}$ by 8 and ${\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}$ by 13. Equation becomes:

${\text{2C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}(g)+13{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to 8{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+10{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$

Thus, number of carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms are equal on both sides of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Complete and balance the given combustion reaction of alkane.

${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8(g)+{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to$.

Concept Introduction:

Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.

Saturated hydrocarbon is known as alkane having general molecular formula ${\text{C}}_{\text{n}}{\text{H}}_{2\text{n}+2}$.

The reaction in which burning of alkanes takes place in oxygen to release water and carbon dioxide is known combustion reaction of alkane.

Answer to Problem 37QAP

${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8(g)+5{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to 3{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+4{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is combustion of propane. Combustion of propane produces carbon dioxide and water. The reaction is shown below:

${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8(g)+{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to {\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$

Now, balance the above reaction, number of carbon atom is 3 on reactant side and on product side number of carbon atom is 1. Similarly, number of hydrogen atom is 8 on reactant side and on product side number of hydrogen atom is 2. Number of oxygen atom is 2 on reactant side and on product side number of oxygen atom is 3.

To balance the reaction, multiply ${\text{CO}}_2$ by 3 and ${\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}$ by 4 and, ${\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}$ by 5. Equation becomes:

${\text{C}}_3{\text{H}}_8(g)+5{\mathrm{O<mn>2</mn>}}_{}(g)\to 3{\text{CO}}_{\text{2}}(g)+4{\mathrm{H<mn>2</mn>}}_{}\text{O}(l)$

Thus, number of carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms are equal on both sides of the reaction.