Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 1RQ
Summary Introduction

To differentiate: Between X and Y chromosomes.

Introduction: Chromosome is the condensed form of the genetic material DNA with histone, proteins, and centrosome. Chromosomes are of two types, namely autosomes and allosomes. Allosomes are the sex chromosomes that play the exclusive role of sex determination of the individual. The two sex chromosomes in humans are X and Y chromosomes.

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The following table shows the difference between X and Y chromosomes:

CriteriaX chromosomeY chromosome
Number

Occurs in pairs in females

Single chromosome in males

Single chromosome in males
GenesGenes for female sex determinationGenes for male sex determination
SizeBigSmall
Number of million base pairs15559
Percentage in genome5% of entire genome2% of entire genome
Number of genesApproximately 1000Approximately 70
GenotypeXXXY

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