Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
Campbell Biology: Custom Edition
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323717271
Author: Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, Reece
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 20, Problem 13TYU
Summary Introduction

(a)

To identify: The genes expressed in a specific type of brain cell.

Introduction:

A particular gene can be identified through its expression in a particular cell and its interaction with other genes. To study the gene expression, specific mRNAs corresponding to a gene of interest are to be identified and reverse transcribed to form cDNA. This sequence can be identified through RT-PCR, DNA microarray analysis, and RNA sequencing. To study a particular protein, multiple copies of the gene fragment encoding that protein are synthesized through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These gene fragments are then inserted into the expression vector to synthesize a large quantity of proteins encoded by the gene in a process known as gene cloning.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To isolate: The neurotransmitter gene expressed in brain cells.

Introduction:

A particular gene can be identified through its expression in a particular cell and its interaction with other genes. To study the gene expression, specific mRNAs corresponding to a gene of interest are to be identified and reverse transcribed to form cDNA. This sequence can be identified through RT-PCR, DNA microarray analysis, and RNA sequencing. To study a particular protein, multiple copies of the gene fragment encoding that protein are synthesized through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These gene fragments are then inserted into the expression vector to synthesize a large quantity of proteins encoded by the gene in a process known as gene cloning.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To produce: Multiple copies of the gene encoding for neurotransmitter protein.

Introduction:

A particular gene can be identified through its expression in a particular cell and its interaction with other genes. To study the gene expression, specific mRNAs corresponding to a gene of interest are to be identified and reverse transcribed to form cDNA. This sequence can be identified through RT-PCR, DNA microarray analysis, and RNA sequencing. To study a particular protein, multiple copies of the gene fragment encoding that protein are synthesized through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These gene fragments are then inserted into the expression vector to synthesize a large quantity of proteins encoded by the gene in a process known as gene cloning.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To produce: Large quantities of the neurotransmitter.

Introduction:

A particular gene can be identified through its expression in a particular cell and its interaction with other genes. To study the gene expression, specific mRNAs corresponding to a gene of interest are to be identified and reverse transcribed to form cDNA. This sequence can be identified through RT-PCR, DNA microarray analysis, and RNA sequencing. To study a particular protein, multiple copies of the gene fragment encoding that protein are synthesized through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These gene fragments are then inserted into the expression vector to synthesize a large quantity of proteins encoded by the gene in a process known as gene cloning.

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Imagine that you are a clinical geneticist. Your colleague is an oncologist who wants your help explaining the basics of genetics to their patient, who will be undergoing genetic testing in the coming weeks for possible acute myeloid leukemia (AML) induced by the radiation she had several years ago for breast cancer. Write a 1,050- to 1,225-word memo to your colleague. Include the following in your memo: An explanation of the molecular structure of DNA and RNA, highlighting both similarities and differences  A description of the processes of transcription and translation An explanation of the differences between leading and lagging strands and how the DNA is replicated in each strand Reponses to the following common questions patients might ask about this type of genetic testing and genetic disorder: Does AML run in families? What genes are tested for?
Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words: What are some potential consequences that could result if the processes of replication, transcription, and translation don’t function correctly? Provide an example of how you might explain these consequences in terms that patients might understand.
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