18th Edition

ISBN: 9781938168277

Author: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny

Publisher: OpenStax - Rice University

See similar textbooks

Concept explainers

Scalars and Vectors

Scalars and Vectors are the classification of physical quantities that are used to denote various terms in physics.

Videos

Textbook Question

Chapter 2, Problem 71AP

You fly 32.0 km in a straight line in still air in the direction 35 .0 ° south of west. (a) Find the distances you would have to fly due south and then due west to arrive at the same point. (b) Find the distances you would have to fly first in a direction 45 .0 ° south of west and then in a direction 45 .0 ° west of north. Note these are the components of the displacement along a different set of axes-namely, the one rotated by 45 ° with respect to the axes in (a).

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Chapter 2, Problem 70P

Chapter 2, Problem 72AP

Students have asked these similar questions

Question B3 Consider the following FLRW spacetime: t2 ds² = -dt² + (dx² + dy²+ dz²), t2 where t is a constant. a) State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat. [2 marks] b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function of time t, starting at t = 0. [3 marks] c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect to galaxy A. d) The Friedmann equations are 2 k 8πG а 4πG + a² (p+3p). 3 a 3 [5 marks] Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page. [5 marks] e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i) radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv) none of the previous. Justify your answer. f) [5 marks] A conformally…

SECTION B Answer ONLY TWO questions in Section B [Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-B sub question.] Question B1 Consider the line element where w is a constant. ds²=-dt²+e2wt dx², a) Determine the components of the metric and of the inverse metric. [2 marks] b) Determine the Christoffel symbols. [See the Appendix of this document.] [10 marks] c) Write down the geodesic equations. [5 marks] d) Show that e2wt it is a constant of geodesic motion. [4 marks] e) Solve the geodesic equations for null geodesics. [4 marks]

Page 2 SECTION A Answer ALL questions in Section A [Expect to use one single-sided A4 page for each Section-A sub question.] Question A1 SPA6308 (2024) Consider Minkowski spacetime in Cartesian coordinates th = (t, x, y, z), such that ds² = dt² + dx² + dy² + dz². (a) Consider the vector with components V" = (1,-1,0,0). Determine V and V. V. (b) Consider now the coordinate system x' (u, v, y, z) such that u =t-x, v=t+x. [2 marks] Write down the line element, the metric, the Christoffel symbols and the Riemann curvature tensor in the new coordinates. [See the Appendix of this document.] [5 marks] (c) Determine V", that is, write the object in question A1.a in the coordinate system x'. Verify explicitly that V. V is invariant under the coordinate transformation. Question A2 [5 marks] Suppose that A, is a covector field, and consider the object Fv=AAμ. (a) Show explicitly that F is a tensor, that is, show that it transforms appropriately under a coordinate transformation. [5 marks] (b)…

Chapter 2 Solutions

University Physics Volume 1

Ch. 2 - Check Your Understanding For the vectors given in...Ch. 2 - Check Your Understanding For vector in a...Ch. 2 - Check Your Understanding Find the angle between...Ch. 2 - Check Your Understanding How much work is done by...Ch. 2 - Check Your Understanding For the vectors given in...Ch. 2 - Check Your Understanding Given two vectors and ,...Ch. 2 - Scalars and Vectors A weather forecast states the...Ch. 2 - Which of the following is a vector a person’s...Ch. 2 - Give a specific example of a vector, stating its...Ch. 2 - What do vectors and scalars have in common? How do...Ch. 2 - Suppose you add two vectors A and B . What...Ch. 2 - Is it possible to add a scalar quantity to a...Ch. 2 - Is it possible for two vectors of different...Ch. 2 - Does the odometer in an automobile indicate a...Ch. 2 - When a 10,000-rn runner competing on a 400-rn...Ch. 2 - A vector has zero magnitude. Is it necessary to...Ch. 2 - Can a magnitude of a vector be negative?Ch. 2 - Can the magnitude of a particle’s displacement be...Ch. 2 - If two vectors are equal, what can you say about...Ch. 2 - If three vectors sum up to zero, si1at geometric...Ch. 2 - Give an example of a nonzero vector that has a...Ch. 2 - Explain why a vector cannot have a component...Ch. 2 - If two vectors are equal, what can you say about...Ch. 2 - If vectors A and B are orthogonal, what is the...Ch. 2 - If one of the two components of a vector is not...Ch. 2 - If two vectors have the same magnitude, do their...Ch. 2 - What is wrong with the following expressions? How...Ch. 2 - If the cross product of two vectors vanishes, what...Ch. 2 - If the dot product of two vectors vanishes, what...Ch. 2 - What is the dot product of a vector with the cross...Ch. 2 - A scuba diver makes a slow descent into the depths...Ch. 2 - In a tug-of-war game on one campus, 15 students...Ch. 2 - Suppose you walk 18.0 m straight west and then...Ch. 2 - For the vectors given in the following figure, use...Ch. 2 - A delivery man starts at the post office, chives...Ch. 2 - An adventurous dog strays from home, runs three...Ch. 2 - In an attempt to escape a desert island, a...Ch. 2 - A small plane flies 40.0 km in a direction 60...Ch. 2 - A trapper walks a 5.0-km straigt4ine distance from...Ch. 2 - A surveyor measures the distance across a river...Ch. 2 - A pedestrian walks 6.0 km east and then 13.0 km...Ch. 2 - The magnitudes of two displacement vectors are...Ch. 2 - Assuming the +x -axis is horizontal and points to...Ch. 2 - Suppose you walk 18.0 m straight west and then...Ch. 2 - You drive 7.50 km in a straight line in a...Ch. 2 - A sledge is being pulled by two horses on a flat...Ch. 2 - A trapper walks a 5.0-lan straight-line distance...Ch. 2 - The polar coordinates of a point are 4/3and 5.50...Ch. 2 - Two points in a plane have polar coordinates...Ch. 2 - A chameleon is resting quietly on a lanai screen,...Ch. 2 - Two points in the Cartesian plane are...Ch. 2 - A fly enters through an open window and zooms...Ch. 2 - For vectors and , calculate (a) and its magnitude...Ch. 2 - A particle undergoes three consecutive...Ch. 2 - Given two displacement vectors...Ch. 2 - A small plane flies 40.0 km ma direction 60 north...Ch. 2 - In an attempt to escape a desert island, a...Ch. 2 - Assuming the +x -axis is horizontal to the right...Ch. 2 - Given the vectors in the preceding figure, find...Ch. 2 - A delivery man starts at the post office, drives...Ch. 2 - An adventurous dog strays from home, runs three...Ch. 2 - If , and , find the unknown constants a and b such...Ch. 2 - Given the displacement vector , find the...Ch. 2 - Find the unit vector of direction for the...Ch. 2 - At one point in space, the direction of the...Ch. 2 - A barge is pulled by the two tugboats shown in the...Ch. 2 - In the control tower at a regional airport, an air...Ch. 2 - Assuming the axis is horizontal to the right for...Ch. 2 - Assuming the +x-axis is horizontal to the right...Ch. 2 - Find the angle between vectors for (a)...Ch. 2 - Find the angles that vector makes with the and...Ch. 2 - Show that the force vector is orthogonal to the...Ch. 2 - Assuming the +x-axis is horizontal to the right...Ch. 2 - Find the cross product for (a) and (b) and (c) and...Ch. 2 - For the vectors in the earlier figure, find (a)...Ch. 2 - (a) If AF=BF , can we conclude A=B ? (b) If AF=BF...Ch. 2 - You fly 32.0 km in a straight line in still air in...Ch. 2 - Rectangular coordinates of a point are given by...Ch. 2 - If the polar coordinates of a point are (r,)and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 74AP Ch. 2 - Starting at the island of Moi in an unknown...Ch. 2 - An air traffic controller notices two signals from...Ch. 2 - Show that when A+B=C then A2+B2+2ABcos , where is...Ch. 2 - Four force vectors each have the same magnitude...Ch. 2 - A skater glides along a circular path of radius...Ch. 2 - A stubborn dog is being walked on a leash by its...Ch. 2 - If the velocity vector of a polar bear is u=(-18.0...Ch. 2 - Find the scalar components of three-dimensional...Ch. 2 - A diver explores a shallow reef off the coast of...Ch. 2 - A force vector A has x and y components,...Ch. 2 - Vectors A and B are two orthogonal vectors in the...Ch. 2 - For the three-dimensional vectors in the following...Ch. 2 - Show that (BC)A is the volume of the...Ch. 2 - Vector B is 5.0 cm long and vector A is 4.0 cm...Ch. 2 - What is the component of the force vector G=(3.0...Ch. 2 - The following figure shows a triangle formed by...Ch. 2 - between points in a plane do not change when a...

Additional Science Textbook Solutions

Find more solutions based on key concepts

13. Figure Q2.13 shows a position-versus-time graph. At which lettered point or points is the object Figure Q2...

College Physics: A Strategic Approach (3rd Edition)

79. Complete and balance each acid-base reaction. a. b. c.

Introductory Chemistry (6th Edition)

Q1. Which wavelength of light has the highest frequency? a) 10 nm b) 10 mm c) 1 nm d) 1 mm

Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (4th Edition)

An obese 55-year-old woman consults her physician about minor chest pains during exercise. Explain the physicia...

Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)

a. How can aspirin be synthesized from benzene? b. Ibuprofen is the active ingredient in pain relievers such as...

Organic Chemistry (8th Edition)

Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) desi...

Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.