(a)
Interpretation: The relationship between hydrogen, oxygen, and water needs to be identified. Each item needs to be identified as an element, compound, or mixture.
Concept Introduction: An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed further into simpler substances by any chemical process. On the other hand, compounds are composed of two or more elements. They can be decomposed into their elemental components. A mixture in solid, liquid, or gaseous form is said to be homogenous if it has the same proportions of components throughout the sample. Thus, in any homogenous mixture, only one phase of matter is observed. In heterogeneous mixtures, the components of the mixture can be easily identified. There is more than one phase that can be seen by the naked eye. It has a non-uniform composition.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The given items are hydrogen, oxygen, and water. Here, water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2:1 ratio. In all the samples of water, hydrogen and oxygen are present in a fixed ratio by mass which is 2 mol of hydrogen and 1 mol of oxygen. Here, hydrogen and oxygen are elements, but water is a compound.
(b)
Interpretation: The relationship between nitrogen, oxygen, and air needs to be identified. Each item needs to be identified as an element, compound, or mixture.
Concept Introduction: An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed further into simpler substances by any chemical process. On the other hand, compounds are composed of two or more elements. They can be decomposed into their elemental components. A mixture in solid, liquid, or gaseous form is said to be homogenous if it has the same proportions of components throughout the sample. Thus, in any homogenous mixture, only one phase of matter is observed. In heterogeneous mixtures, the components of the mixture can be easily identified. There is more than one phase and can be seen by the naked eye. It has a non-uniform composition.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The given items are nitrogen, oxygen, and air. Air is composed of gases which include nitrogen and oxygen gas. Air is a mixture of different gases but the major percentage is nitrogen and oxygen gas. The approximate percentages of nitrogen and oxygen gas in the air are 78% and 21% respectively. Here, nitrogen and oxygen are elements, but the air is a homogenous mixture. It is homogenous because all the gases are uniformly distributed.
(c)
Interpretation: The relationship between sodium, chlorine, and table salt needs to be identified. Each item needs to be identified as an element, compound, or mixture.
Concept Introduction: An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed further into simpler substances by any chemical process. On the other hand, compounds are composed of two or more elements. They can be decomposed into their elemental components. A mixture in solid, liquid, or gaseous form is said to be homogenous if it has the same proportions of components throughout the sample. Thus, in any homogenous mixture, only one phase of matter is observed. In heterogeneous mixtures, the components of the mixture can be easily identified. There is more than one phase and can be seen by the naked eye. It has a non-uniform composition.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
The given items are sodium, chlorine, and table salt. Here, the name and formula for table salt are sodium chloride and NaCl respectively. It is made up of sodium and chlorine combined in a 1:1 ratio. In all the samples of table salt, sodium and chlorine elements are present in a fixed ratio by mass which is 1 mol of sodium and 1 mol of chlorine. Here, sodium and chlorine are elements, but table salt or NaCl is a compound.
(d)
Interpretation: The relationship between carbon, water, and table sugar needs to be identified. Each item needs to be identified as an element, compound, or mixture.
Concept Introduction: An element is a substance that cannot be decomposed further into simpler substances by any chemical process. On the other hand, compounds are composed of two or more elements. They can be decomposed into their elemental components. A mixture in solid, liquid, or gaseous form is said to be homogenous if it has the same proportions of components throughout the sample. Thus, in any homogenous mixture, only one phase of matter is observed. In heterogeneous mixtures, the components of the mixture can be easily identified. There is more than one phase that can be seen by the naked eye. It has a non-uniform composition.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
The given items are carbon, water, and table sugar. Sugar is a carbohydrate that mainly contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Here, carbon is an element, water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen and table sugar is a homogenous mixture as components are uniformly distributed.
Chapter 2 Solutions
EP CHEMISTRY-ETEXT ACCESS
- Please sirrr soollveee these parts pleaseeee and thank youuuuu, don't solve it by AI plleeaasseeearrow_forwardPlease sirrr soollveee these parts pleaseeee and thank youuuuuarrow_forward4. Read paragraph 4.15 from your textbook, use your calculated lattice energy values for CuO, CuCO3 and Cu(OH)2 an explain thermal decomposition reaction of malachite: Cu2CO3(OH)2 →2CuO + H2O + CO2 (3 points)arrow_forward
- Please sirrr soollveee these parts pleaseeee and thank youuuuuarrow_forwardIII O Organic Chemistry Using wedges and dashes in skeletal structures Draw a skeletal ("line") structure for each of the molecules below. Be sure your structures show the important difference between the molecules. key O O O O O CHON Cl jiii iiiiiiii You can drag the slider to rotate the molecules. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Q Search X G ©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use F 3 W C 3/5arrow_forward3. Use Kapustinskii's equation and data from Table 4.10 in your textbook to calculate lattice energies of Cu(OH)2 and CuCO3 (4 points)arrow_forward
- 2. Copper (II) oxide crystalizes in monoclinic unit cell (included below; blue spheres 2+ represent Cu²+, red - O²-). Use Kapustinski's equation (4.5) to calculate lattice energy for CuO. You will need some data from Resource section of your textbook (p.901). (4 points) CuOarrow_forwardWhat is the IUPAC name of the following compound? OH (2S, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O(2S, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-olarrow_forwardIn the answer box, type the number of maximum stereoisomers possible for the following compound. A H H COH OH = H C Br H.C OH CHarrow_forward
- Select the major product of the following reaction. Br Br₂, light D Br Br Br Brarrow_forwardSelect all molecules which are chiral. Brarrow_forwardUse the reaction coordinate diagram to answer the below questions. Type your answers into the answer box for each question. (Watch your spelling) Energy A B C D Reaction coordinate E A) Is the reaction step going from D to F endothermic or exothermic? A F G B) Does point D represent a reactant, product, intermediate or transition state? A/ C) Which step (step 1 or step 2) is the rate determining step? Aarrow_forward
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY