Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073402734
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2QP
State the laws of definite proportions and multiple proportions. Illustrate each with an example.
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A) Use the Law of Definite Proportions to describe the relationship between the three compounds shown in the image above: NO, NO2, and N2O.
B) Use the Law of Multiple Proportions to describe the relationship between the three compounds shown in the image above: NO, NO2, and N2O.
A sample of compound A (a clear, colorless gas) is analyzed and found to contain 4.27 g carbon and 5.69 g oxygen. A sample of compound B (also a clear, colorless gas) is analyzed and found to contain 5.19 g carbon and 13.84 g oxygen. Are these data an example of the law of definite proportions, the law of multiple proportions, or neither? What do these data tell you about substances A and B?
Do these data provide example(s) of the law of definite proportions, the law of multiple proportions, neither, or both? What do
these data tell you about compounds X, Y, and Z?
Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 2.1 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT
In each case, calculate...Ch. 2.1 - Practice Problem BUILD
(a) Two of the simplest...Ch. 2.1 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
Which of the...Ch. 2.1 - For the two compounds pictured, evaluate the...Ch. 2.1 - Prob. 2CPCh. 2.2 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT How many protons,...Ch. 2.2 - Practice ProblemBUILD Give the correct symbols to...Ch. 2.2 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.3 - 2.3.1 How many neutrons are there in an atom of
Ch. 2.3 - Prob. 2CP
Ch. 2.3 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT The atomic masses of the...Ch. 2.3 - Practice ProblemBUILD The average atomic mass of...Ch. 2.3 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
The following...Ch. 2.4 - Which of the following series of elemental symbols...Ch. 2.4 - 2.4.2 Which of the following elements would you...Ch. 2.4 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Chloroform was used as an...Ch. 2.4 - Practice ProblemBUILD Write the molecular formula...Ch. 2.4 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.5 - Boron has two naturally occurring isotopes, which...Ch. 2.5 - 2.5.2 The two naturally occurring isotopes of...Ch. 2.5 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT
Name the following...Ch. 2.5 - Practice ProblemBUILD Name the following binary...Ch. 2.5 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
Name the binary...Ch. 2.6 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Give the molecular formula...Ch. 2.6 - Practice ProblemBUILD Give the molecular formula...Ch. 2.6 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.6 - Prob. 1CPCh. 2.6 - 2.7.2 What is the name of the compound...Ch. 2.6 - What is the correct formula for the compound...Ch. 2.6 - 2.7.4 What is the empirical formula of the...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 1CPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 2CPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 3CPCh. 2.7 - 2.6.4 What is the formula of nickel(II) nitrate...Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 5CPCh. 2.7 - Prob. 6CPCh. 2.7 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT
Write empirical formulas...Ch. 2.7 - Practice ProblemBUILD For which of the following...Ch. 2.7 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Which of the...Ch. 2.8 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT
Name the following ionic...Ch. 2.8 - Practice Problem BUILD
Name the following ionic...Ch. 2.8 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE The diagram...Ch. 2.9 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT
Deduce the formulas of...Ch. 2.9 - Practice ProblemBUILD Deduce the formulas of the...Ch. 2.9 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
The diagram...Ch. 2.10 - Name the following species:...Ch. 2.10 - Name the following species:...Ch. 2.10 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 2.11 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Determine the formula of...Ch. 2.11 - Practice ProblemBUILD Determine the formula of...Ch. 2.11 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Referring to the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1KSPCh. 2 - Prob. 2KSPCh. 2 - Prob. 3KSPCh. 2 - What is the correct formula for phosphorus...Ch. 2 - What are the hypotheses on which Dalton's atomic...Ch. 2 - State the laws of definite proportions and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3QPCh. 2 - Prob. 4QPCh. 2 - 2.5 Sulfur reacts with fluorine to produce three...Ch. 2 - 2.6 Both and contain only iron and oxygen. The...Ch. 2 - For the two compounds pictured, evaluate the...Ch. 2 - 2.8 For the two compounds pictured, evaluate the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9QPCh. 2 - Prob. 10QPCh. 2 - Prob. 11QPCh. 2 - Describe the contributions of the following...Ch. 2 - 2.13 Describe the experimental basis for believing...Ch. 2 - The diameter of a neutral helium atom is about 1 ×...Ch. 2 - Prob. 15QPCh. 2 - Prob. 16QPCh. 2 - Prob. 17QPCh. 2 - Prob. 18QPCh. 2 - Prob. 19QPCh. 2 - 2.20 What is the mass number of an iron atom that...Ch. 2 - Prob. 21QPCh. 2 - 2.22 For each of the following species, determine...Ch. 2 - 2.23 Indicate the number of protons, neutrons, and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 24QPCh. 2 - Prob. 25QPCh. 2 - Prob. 26QPCh. 2 - Prob. 27QPCh. 2 - Prob. 28QPCh. 2 - What is the periodic table, and what is its...Ch. 2 - 2.30 State two differences between a metal and a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 31QPCh. 2 - Give two examples of each of the following: (a)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 33QPCh. 2 - Prob. 34QPCh. 2 - Prob. 35QPCh. 2 - Prob. 36QPCh. 2 - Prob. 37QPCh. 2 - Prob. 38QPCh. 2 - Prob. 39QPCh. 2 - Prob. 40QPCh. 2 - Prob. 41QPCh. 2 - Prob. 42QPCh. 2 - Prob. 43QPCh. 2 - The atomic masses of 1735Cl(75.53percent) and...Ch. 2 - The atomic masses of 204 Pb ( 1 .4 percent ) . 206...Ch. 2 - Prob. 46QPCh. 2 - Prob. 47QPCh. 2 - 2.48 What is the mass in grams of 13.2 amu?
Ch. 2 - Prob. 49QPCh. 2 - Prob. 71QPCh. 2 - Prob. 72QPCh. 2 - Prob. 73QPCh. 2 - Prob. 74QPCh. 2 - Prob. 75QPCh. 2 - Prob. 76QPCh. 2 - Prob. 77QPCh. 2 - Prob. 78QPCh. 2 - Prob. 79QPCh. 2 - Prob. 80QPCh. 2 - 2.61 Name the following compounds:
Ch. 2 - Prob. 82QPCh. 2 - Prob. 83QPCh. 2 - Prob. 84QPCh. 2 - Prob. 85QPCh. 2 - Prob. 86QPCh. 2 - Prob. 50QPCh. 2 - Prob. 51QPCh. 2 - Prob. 52QPCh. 2 - Prob. 53QPCh. 2 - Prob. 54QPCh. 2 - Prob. 55QPCh. 2 - Prob. 56QPCh. 2 - Prob. 57QPCh. 2 - Prob. 58QPCh. 2 - Prob. 59QPCh. 2 - Prob. 60QPCh. 2 - Prob. 61QPCh. 2 - Prob. 62QPCh. 2 - Prob. 63QPCh. 2 - Prob. 64QPCh. 2 - Prob. 65QPCh. 2 - Prob. 66QPCh. 2 - Prob. 67QPCh. 2 - Prob. 68QPCh. 2 - Prob. 69QPCh. 2 - Prob. 70QPCh. 2 - Prob. 87APCh. 2 - Prob. 88APCh. 2 - Prob. 89APCh. 2 - Prob. 90APCh. 2 - Prob. 91APCh. 2 - Prob. 92APCh. 2 - 2.93 What is wrong with or ambiguous about the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 94APCh. 2 - Prob. 95APCh. 2 - Prob. 96APCh. 2 - Prob. 97APCh. 2 - Prob. 98APCh. 2 - Prob. 99APCh. 2 - Prob. 100APCh. 2 - Prob. 101APCh. 2 - Prob. 102APCh. 2 - Prob. 103APCh. 2 - Determine the molecular and empirical formulas of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 105APCh. 2 - Prob. 106APCh. 2 - The Group 1B metals . Cu, Ag, and Au, are called...Ch. 2 - Prob. 108APCh. 2 - Prob. 109APCh. 2 - Prob. 110APCh. 2 - Two elements form a compound that can be...Ch. 2 - Which of the diagrams can be used to illustrate...Ch. 2 - Prob. 113APCh. 2 - Prob. 114APCh. 2 - Prob. 115APCh. 2 - 2.116 Show the locations of (a) alkali metals, (b)...Ch. 2 - Prob. 117APCh. 2 - Prob. 118APCh. 2 - Prob. 119APCh. 2 - 2.120 (a) Describe Rutherford’s experiment and how...Ch. 2 - Prob. 121APCh. 2 - Prob. 122APCh. 2 - Prob. 123APCh. 2 - A cube made of platinum (Pt) has an edge length of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 125APCh. 2 - Prob. 126APCh. 2 - Prob. 1SEPPCh. 2 - Prob. 2SEPPCh. 2 - Prob. 3SEPPCh. 2 - Prob. 4SEPP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Three compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen are analyzed. The results for the analysis of the first two compounds are given below: Which, if any, of the following results for the mass of hydrogen in compound C follows the law of multiple proportions? (a) 5.84 g(b) 3.47 g (c) 2.72 garrow_forwardThe element europium exists in nature as two isotopes: 151Eu has a mass of 150.9196 amu, and 153Eu has a mass of 152.9209 amu. The average atomic mass of europium is 151.96 amu. a. Calculate the relative abundance of the two europium isotopes. b. Graph each fractional abundance value as a y-axis value in association with its corresponding mass value on the x-axis. Starting from each x-axis value, where y = 0, draw a vertical line up to the fractional abundance value. The result will approximate the type of visual graph a mass spectrometer would yield for europium in the 150155 amu range.arrow_forwardSeveral samples of methane gas, the primary component of natural gas, are decomposed into carbon and hydrogen. The masses of the carbon and hydrogen are then weighed, and the results are tabulated as shown here. Which of these does not follow the law of constant composition? a. 4.0 grams hydrogen and 12.0 grams carbon b. 1.5 grams hydrogen and 4.5 grams carbon c. 7.0 grams hydrogen and 17.0 grams carbon d. 10 grams hydrogen and 30 grams carbonarrow_forward
- Samples of compound X, Y, and Z are analyzed, with results shown here. Compound Description Mass of Carbon Mass of Hydrogen X clear, colorless, liquid with strong odor 1.776 g 0.148 g Y clear, colorless, liquid with strong odor 1.974 g 0.329 g Z clear, colorless, liquid with strong odor 7.812 g 0.651 g Do these data provide example(s) of the law of definite proportions, the law of multiple proportions, neither, or both? What do these data tell you about compounds X, Y, and Z?arrow_forwardClick on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible. 21. Repeat Exercise 2.20 using an element that has three naturally occurring isotopes.arrow_forwarda What is the name of the alkali metal that is in Period 6? b What is the name of the halogen that is in Period 6? c What is the name of the alkaline earth metal that is in Period 3? d What is the name of the noble gas that is in Period 3?arrow_forward
- Click on the site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16PhetAtomMass) and select the Mix Isotopes tab, hide the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes, and then select the element boron. Write the symbols of the isotopes of boron that are shown as naturally occurring in significant amounts. Predict the relative amounts (percentages) of these boron isotopes found in nature. Explain the reasoning behind your choice. Add isotopes to the black box to make a mixture that matches your prediction in (b). You may drag isotopes from their bins or click on More and then move the sliders to the appropriate amounts. Reveal the Percent Composition and Average Atomic Mass boxes. How well does your mixture match with your prediction? If necessary, adjust the isotope amounts to match your prediction. Select Nature’s mix of isotopes and compare it to your prediction. How well does your prediction compare with the naturally occurring mixture? Explain. If necessary, adjust your amounts to make them match Nature’s amounts as closely as possible.arrow_forwardConstant Composition of Compounds Two samples of sugar are decomposed into their constituent elements. One sample of sugar produces 18.0 g carbon, 3.0 g hydrogen, and 24.0 g oxygen; the other sample produces 24.0 g carbon, 4.0 g hydrogen, and 32.0 g oxygen. Find the ratio of carbon to hydrogen and the ratio of oxygen to hydrogen for each of the samples, and show they are consistent with the law of constant composition.arrow_forwardEach of the following statements is true, but Dalton might have had trouble explaining some of them with his atomic theory. Give explanations for the following statements. a. The space-filling models for ethyl alcohol and dimethyl ether are shown below. These two compounds have die same composition by mass (52% carbon, 13% hydrogen, and 35% oxygen), yet the two have different melting points, boiling points, and solubilities in water. b. Burning wood leaves an ash that is only a small fraction of the mass of the original wood. c. Atoms can be broken down into smaller particles. d. One sample of lithium hydride is 87.4% lithium by mass, while another sample of lithium hydride Ls 74.9% lithium by mass. However, the two samples have the same chemical properties.arrow_forward
- Ethane and ethylene are two gases containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms. In a certain sample of ethane, 4.53 g of hydrogen is combined with 18.0 g of carbon. In a sample of ethylene, 7.25 g of hydrogen is combined with 43.20 g of carbon. (a) Show how the data illustrate the law of multiple proportions. (b) Suggest reasonable formulas for the two compounds.arrow_forwardDraw a formula for each of the following molecules using circular symbols of your choice to represent atoms: a. A diatomic molecule of an element b. A diatomic molecule of a compound c. A triatomic molecule of an element d. A molecule of a compound containing one atom of one element and four atoms of another elementarrow_forwardName the following compounds: CsCl BaO K2S BeCl2 HBr AlF3 AlF3arrow_forward
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