Chapter 2, Problem 2.47P

Label each region on the periodic table.

1. Noble gases
2. Period 3
3. Group 4A
4. s block elements
5. alkaline earth elements
6. f block elements
7. transition metals
8. group 10

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Theregion of noble gases on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group.

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The noble gases are placed on the extreme right column of the periodic table as shown below.

Explanation of Solution

Theelements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell.

The noble gases have their outermost shell fully filled with electrons.Due to fully filled outer atomic orbital, they get the place on extreme right of the periodic table.

The region of noble gases on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 1

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The region of period $3$ on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group.

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The period $3$ is the third row of periodic table. It contains eight elementsas shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled, the next atom goes to the next row or period.

The third row of the periodic table is known as third period. As the electron goes into third energy level or shell, they are placed in third row. The third shell has two orbitals $3s\text{and}3p$ . The total capacity of these orbital are eight electrons. So, eight elements are placed in the third period.

These elements are (sodium on the extreme left) to argon (on the extreme right) with atomic numbers, $11\text{to}18$.

The region of period $3$ on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 2

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The region of group $\text{4A}$ on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The group $\text{4A}$ or group 14 is the fifth column from the extreme right of periodic tableas shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled the next atom goes to the next row or period.

The transition metals are given place in the middle of the periodic table and to its right, main group elements having valence electrons $3$ to $8$ are placed in columns. These columns are named from group $13$ ( $\text{3A}$ ) to group $18$ (zero group).

The group $\text{4A}$ also named as group $14$ is the second right of the transition elements.This is also the fifth column from the extreme right of periodic table.

It has main group elements, carbon and its family. The region of group $\text{4A}$ on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 3

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The region of $s$ block elements on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in an increasing order of the atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The $s$ block elements are kept in first two columns on the extreme left of periodic tableis shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled the next atom goes to the next row or period.

The $s$ block elementsare the first two columns on the left of periodic table. The elements of these two columns has electron in their outer $s$ orbital only. As the $s$ orbital can have only two electrons, therefore these elements are placed in two columns.

The first column has elements with one electron in their outer $s$ orbital of outer shell known as alkali metals and the second has elements with two electrons in their outer shell known as alkaline earth metals. The region of $s$ block elements on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 4

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The region of alkaline earth elements on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The alkaline earth elements are kept in first two columns on the extreme left of periodic tableas shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled the next atom goes to the next row or period.

These elements have two electrons in their outer $s$ orbital of outer shell and are known as alkaline earth metals.

The alkaline earth elements are placed in the second columns on the left of periodic table. The elements of this column has electron in their outer $s$ orbital only.

The region of alkaline earth elements on the periodic table are shown below.

Figure 5

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The region of $f$ block elements on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The $f$ block elements are kept separately in two rows of periodic table. They are in two rows below the main group elementsas shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled the next atom goes to the next row or period.

The $f$ block elements are lanthanides and actinides. They are known as inner transition elements.

The placement of these elements below the main periodic table is due to their electronic configuration. The $f$ orbital of the second(inner $\text{n}-2$ ) shell gets filled as it can have maximum fourteen electrons so these are fourteen elements.

The region of $f$ block elements on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 6

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The region of transition metals on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group.

Answer to Problem 2.47P

The transition metals are kept in ten columns in the middle of the main group elements on the periodic tableas shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled the next atom goes to the next row or period.

In the transition metals the $d$ orbital of the inner shell ( $\text{n}-1$ ) gets filled up. As it has capacity of ten electrons, so, the transition elements are kept in ten columns in the middle of the periodic table.

The region of transition metals on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 7

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The region group $10$ on the periodic table is to be labeled.

Concept Introduction:

The elements are placed in periodic table according to their atomic numbers. They are arranged in increasing order of atomic numbers systematically. The study of elements and their properties can be done easily as the elements with similar properties fall in the same group.

Answer to Problem 2.47P

This section has transition element.The region group $10$ on the periodic table is shown below.

Explanation of Solution

The elements are organized on the basis of their increasing atomic number in periodic table.

These elements are organized in rows and columns. The rows are known as periods and columns as groups. Each period represents the outermost shell. As this outermost shell is filled the next atom goes to the next row or period.

The transition elements' inner shell gets filled. They have the electronic configuration of $4s^{2}3d^{1-10}$ , so, these are kept in the middle section of periodic table. The group $10$ has electronic configuration of $4s^{2}3d^8$ , so, it is on the right side of this middle section.

The group $10$ is in the right side of the middle section on the periodic table. The region group $10$ on the periodic table is shown below.

Figure 8