DESIGN OF MACHINERY
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260113310
Author: Norton
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.22P
Find the Grashof condition and Barker classifications of the
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Problem 2 (55 pts). We now consider the FEM solution of Problem 1.(a) [5pts] Briefly describe the 4 steps necessary to obtain the approximate solution of thatBVP using the Galerkin FEM. Use the minimum amount of math necessary to supportyour explanations.(b) [20pts] Derive the weak form of the BVP.(c) [10pts] Assuming a mesh of two equal elements and linear shape functions, sketch byhand how you expect the FEM solution to look like. Also sketch the analytical solutionfor comparison. In your sketch, identify the nodal degrees of freedom that the FEMsolution seeks to find.(d) [10pts] By analogy with the elastic rod problem and heat conduction problem considered in class, write down the stiffness matrix and force vector for each of the twoelements considered in (c).(e) [10pts] Assemble the global system of equations, and verbally explain how to solve it.
An aluminum rod of length L = 1m has mass density ρ = 2700 kgm3 andYoung’s modulus E = 70GPa. The rod is fixed at both ends. The exactnatural eigenfrequencies of the rod are ωexactn =πnLqEρfor n=1,2,3,. . . .1. What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary todetermine the fundamental frequency ω1 of the system? Discretizethe rod in that many elements of equal length, assemble the globalsystem of equations KU = ω2MU, and find the fundamentalfrequency ω1. Compute the relative error e1 = (ω1 − ωexact1)/ωexact1.Sketch the fundamental mode of vibration.
Chapter 2 Solutions
DESIGN OF MACHINERY
Ch. 2 - Find three (or other number as assigned) of the...Ch. 2 - How many DOF do you have in your wrist and hand...Ch. 2 - How many DOF do the following joints have? Your...Ch. 2 - How many DOF do the following have in their normal...Ch. 2 - Are the joints in Problem 2-3 force closed or form...Ch. 2 - Describe the motion of the following items as pure...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mobility of the linkages assigned...Ch. 2 - Identify the items in Figure P2-1 as mechanisms,...Ch. 2 - Use linkage transformation on the linkage of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.10P
Ch. 2 - Use number synthesis to find all the possible link...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.12PCh. 2 - Use linkage transformation to create a 1-DOF...Ch. 2 - Use linkage transformation to create a 1-DOF...Ch. 2 - Calculate the Grashof condition of the fourbar...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.16PCh. 2 - Describe the difference between a cam-follower...Ch. 2 - Examine an automobile hood hinge mechanism of the...Ch. 2 - Find an adjustable arm desk lamp of the type shown...Ch. 2 - The torque-speed curve for a 1/8 hp permanent...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility of the mechanisms in Figure...Ch. 2 - Find the Grashof condition and Barker...Ch. 2 - Find the rotatability of each loop of the...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility of the mechanisms in Figure...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility of the ice tongs in Figure P2-6:...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.26PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27PCh. 2 - Find the mobility of the corkscrew in Figure P2-9.Ch. 2 - Figure P2-10 shows Watts sun and planet drive that...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-11 shows a bicycle handbrake lever...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-12 shows a bicycle brake caliper...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility, the Grashof condition, and the...Ch. 2 - The approximate torque-speed curve and its...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.34PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.35PCh. 2 - Sketch the equivalent linkage for the cam and...Ch. 2 - Describe the motion of the following rides,...Ch. 2 - For the mechanism in Figure P2-1 a, number the...Ch. 2 - Repeat Problem 2-38 for Figure P2-1b.Ch. 2 - Repeat Problem 2-38 for Figure P2-1c.Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.41PCh. 2 - Find the mobility, the Grashof condition, and the...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility, the Grashof condition, and the...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-20 shows a Rube Goldberg mechanism that...Ch. 2 - All the eightbar linkages in Figure 2-11 part 2...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.46PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.47PCh. 2 - Find the mobility of the mechanism shown in Figure...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility of the mechanism shown in Figure...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility of the mechanism shown in Figure...Ch. 2 - Find the mobility of the mechanism shown in Figure...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.52PCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53PCh. 2 - Repeat Problem 2-38 for Figure P2-1f.Ch. 2 - Repeat Problem 2-38 for Figure P2-1g.Ch. 2 - For the example linkage shown in Figure 2-4 find...Ch. 2 - For the linkage shown in Figure 2-5b find the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.58PCh. 2 - Figure P2-21b shows a mechanism. Find its mobility...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.60PCh. 2 - Figure P2-21 d shows a log transporter. Draw a...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-21e shows a plow mechanism attached to a...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-22 shows a Hart inversor sixbar linkage....Ch. 2 - Figure P2-23 shows the top view of the partially...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-24a shows the seat and seat-back of a...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-24b shows the mechanism used to extend...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-24b shows the mechanism used to extend...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-25 shows a sixbar linkage. Is it a Watt...Ch. 2 - Use number synthesis o find all the possible link...Ch. 2 - Use number synthesis to find all the possible link...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.71PCh. 2 - For the mechanism in Figure P2-26, number the...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-27 shows a schematic of an exercise...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mobility of the linkage in Figure...Ch. 2 - Calculate the Grashof condition of the fourbar...Ch. 2 - The drum brake mechanism in Figure P2-4g is a...
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- Problem 1 (65 pts, suggested time 50 mins). An elastic string of constant line tension1T is pinned at x = 0 and x = L. A constant distributed vertical force per unit length p(with units N/m) is applied to the string. Under this force, the string deflects by an amountv(x) from its undeformed (horizontal) state, as shown in the figure below.The PDE describing mechanical equilibrium for the string isddx Tdvdx− p = 0 . (1)(a) [5pts] Identify the BCs for the string and identify their type (essential/natural). Writedown the strong-form BVP for the string, including PDE and BCs.(b) [10pts] Find the analytical solution of the BVP in (a). Compute the exact deflectionof the midpoint v(L/2).(c) [15pts] Derive the weak-form BVP.(d) [5pts] What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary to compute the deflection of the midpoint?(e) [15pts] Write down the element stiffness matrix and the element force vector for eachelement.arrow_forwardProblem 1 (35 pts). An elastic string of constant line tension1 T is pinned at x = 0 andx = L. A constant distributed vertical force per unit length p (with units N/m) is appliedto the string. Under this force, the string deflects by an amount v(x) from its undeformed(horizontal) state, as shown in the figure below.Force equilibrium in the string requires thatdfdx − p = 0 , (1)where f(x) is the internal vertical force in the string, which is given byf = Tdvdx . (2)(a) [10pts] Write down the BVP (strong form) that the string deflection v(x) must satisfy.(b) [2pts] What order is the governing PDE in the BVP of (a)?(c) [3pts] Identify the type (essential/natural) of each boundary condition in (a).(d) [20pts] Find the analytical solution of the BVP in (a).arrow_forwardProblem 2 (25 pts, (suggested time 15 mins). An elastic string of line tension T andmass per unit length µ is pinned at x = 0 and x = L. The string is free to vibrate, and itsfirst vibration mode is shown below.In order to find the frequency of the first mode (or fundamental frequency), the string isdiscretized into a certain number of linear elements. The stiffness and mass matrices of thei-th element are, respectivelyESMi =TLi1 −1−1 1 EMMi =Liµ62 11 2 . (2)(a) [5pts] What is the minimum number of linear elements necessary to compute the fundamental frequency of the vibrating string?(b) [20pts] Assemble the global eigenvalue problem and find the fundamental frequency ofvibration of the stringarrow_forward
- I need part all parts please in detail (including f)arrow_forwardProblem 3 (10 pts, suggested time 5 mins). In class we considered the mutiphysics problem of thermal stresses in a rod. When using linear shape functions, we found that the stress in the rod is affected by unphysical oscillations like in the following plot E*(ux-a*T) 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 -5000 -10000 0 Line Graph: E*(ux-a*T) MULT 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 Arc length (a) [10pts] What is the origin of this issue and how can we fix it?arrow_forwardanswer the questions and explain all of it in words. Ignore where it says screencast and in class explanationarrow_forward
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Ch 2 - 2.2.2 Forced Undamped Oscillation; Author: Benjamin Drew;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Tb7Rx-bCWE;License: Standard youtube license