Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134477206
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 2, Problem 1CT
Summary Introduction
To answer:
Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The pathogen avoids the body’s defenses against the disease by synthesizing an outer glycoprotein covering made from D-glutamic acid. This covering is not digestible by white blood cells that normally engulf bacteria. Why the covering is indigestible is to be determined.
Introduction:
Bacillus anthracis refers to gram positive bacteria. It is a rod-shaped bacterium and its size ranges from 1 to 9 µm. Anthrax produces two types of spores that may exists in the soil, even for a decade. Anthrax produces D-glutamic acid and acts as a covering layer that is not digested by eukaryotic immune cells.
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19. On the diagram below
a. Label the three pictures as: DNA; polypeptide; or RNA.
b. Label the arrows as: translation or transcription/RNA processing.
c. Add the following details to the diagram.
Promoter region
TATA box
Transcription start site
Transcription terminator
Intron (A,B,C,D)
Exons (1,2,3,4,5)
Splice sites
5' cap
5' UTR (untranslated region)
3' poly A tail
3' UTR (untranslated region)
Translational start (AUG)
Translational stop (UGA, UAG, or UAA)
N and C ends of polypeptide
0000
Match the letter labels in the figure below to the terms. Some letter
labels are not used.
MNNNNNNIN
M
C
B
A
M
D
F
E
H
K
G
8
The diagram below illustrates a quorum sensing pathway from Staphylococcus aureus. Please answer the following questions.
1. Autoinduction is part of the quorum sensing system. Which promoter (P2 or P3) is critical for autoinduction?
2)This staphylococcus aureus grows on human wounds, causing severe infections. You would like to start a clinical trial to treat these wound infections. Please describe:
a) What molecule do you recommend for the trial. Why?
b) Your trial requires that Staphylococcus aureus be isolated from the wound and submitted to genome sequencing before admittance. Why? What are you testing for?
3) If a mutation arises where the Promoter P3 is constitutively active, how would that influence sensitivity to AIP? Please explain your rationale.
4) This pathway is sensitive to bacterial cell density. Describe two separate mutation that would render the pathway active independent of cell density. Briefly explain your rationale.
Mutation 1
Mutation 2
Chapter 2 Solutions
Microbiology with Diseases by Body System (5th Edition)
Ch. 2 - Electrons zip around the nucleus at about 5...Ch. 2 - Chlorine and potassium atoms form ionic bonds,...Ch. 2 - Why are decomposition reactions exothermic, that...Ch. 2 - Why does the neutralization of an acid by a base...Ch. 2 - Raw Oysters and Antacids: A Deadly Mix? The highly...Ch. 2 - Why do the cell membranes of microbes living in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 2 - The atomic mass of an atom most closely...Ch. 2 - One isotope of iodine differs from another in...Ch. 2 - Prob. 4MC
Ch. 2 - Which of the following terms most correctly...Ch. 2 - In water, cations and anions of salts dissociate...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7MCCh. 2 - Which of the following statements about a...Ch. 2 - Proteins are polymers of ___________. a. amino...Ch. 2 - Which of the following are hydrophobic organic...Ch. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 1. The outermost electron shell...Ch. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 2. The type of chemical bond...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 2 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 5. Groups of atoms such as NH2...Ch. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 6. The reverse of dehydration...Ch. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 7. Reactions that release...Ch. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 8. All chemical reactions begin...Ch. 2 - Fill in the Blanks 9. The ____________ scale is a...Ch. 2 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 2 - Label a portion of the molecule below; label two...Ch. 2 - Shown is the amino acid tryptophan. Put the letter...Ch. 2 - List three main types of chemical bonds, and give...Ch. 2 - Name five properties of water that are vital to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 3SACh. 2 - What is the difference between atomic oxygen and...Ch. 2 - Explain how the polarity of water molecules makes...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1CTCh. 2 - Prob. 2CTCh. 2 - Two freshmen disagree about an aspect of...Ch. 2 - When an egg white is heated, it changes from...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5CTCh. 2 - The poison glands of many bees and wasps contain...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 2 - The deadly poison hydrogen cyanide has the...Ch. 2 - Triple covalent bonds are stronger and more...Ch. 2 - How can hydrogen bonding between water molecules...Ch. 2 - How can a single molecule of magnesium hydroxide...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13CTCh. 2 - Prob. 14CTCh. 2 - A textbook states that only five nucleotide bases...Ch. 2 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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