The mechanism for the hydrolysis of the given iminium chloride in aqueous HCl has to be written. Concept introduction: Enamine: An enamine is a compound where the lone pair of electrons in the nitrogen atom of C − N bond gets delocalized by the presence of nearby C = C bond. Hydrolysis of enamine: Under acidic conditions, enamine reacts with water to give corresponding ketone and secondary amine . Here, the bond between nitrogen and the s p 2 carbon attached to it gets cleaved. Hydrolysis of iminium halides will produce an alkylated aldehyde or ketone.

Question

The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.5, Problem 19.8P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the hydrolysis of the given iminium chloride in aqueous HCl has to be written.

Concept introduction:

Enamine:

An enamine is a compound where the lone pair of electrons in the nitrogen atom of C−N bond gets delocalized by the presence of nearby C=C bond.

Hydrolysis of enamine: Under acidic conditions, enamine reacts with water to give corresponding ketone and secondary amine.

Here, the bond between nitrogen and the sp2 carbon attached to it gets cleaved.

Hydrolysis of iminium halides will produce an alkylated aldehyde or ketone.

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The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

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In an experiment, the viscosity of water was measured at different temperatures and the table was constructed from the data obtained. a) Calculate the activation energy of viscous flow (kJ/mol). b) Calculate the viscosity at 30°C. T/°C 0 20 40 60 80 η/cpoise 1,972 1,005 0,656 0,469 0,356

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.5, Problem 19.8P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the hydrolysis of the given iminium chloride in aqueous HCl has to be written.

Concept introduction:

Enamine:

An enamine is a compound where the lone pair of electrons in the nitrogen atom of C−N bond gets delocalized by the presence of nearby C=C bond.

Hydrolysis of enamine: Under acidic conditions, enamine reacts with water to give corresponding ketone and secondary amine.

Here, the bond between nitrogen and the sp2 carbon attached to it gets cleaved.

Hydrolysis of iminium halides will produce an alkylated aldehyde or ketone.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.5, Problem 19.8P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the hydrolysis of the given iminium chloride in aqueous HCl has to be written.

Concept introduction:

Enamine:

An enamine is a compound where the lone pair of electrons in the nitrogen atom of C−N bond gets delocalized by the presence of nearby C=C bond.

Hydrolysis of enamine: Under acidic conditions, enamine reacts with water to give corresponding ketone and secondary amine.

Here, the bond between nitrogen and the sp2 carbon attached to it gets cleaved.

Hydrolysis of iminium halides will produce an alkylated aldehyde or ketone.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 19.5, Problem 19.8P

Interpretation Introduction