Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version
Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781119083900
Author: Morris Hein, Susan Arena, Cary Willard
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 19, Problem 86AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given alcohol name is ethylalcohol has to be converted into its structure by the reverse naming process.

Concept Introduction:

Alcohols:

Alcohols are organic compounds whose molecules contains the hydroxyl (OH) functional group bonded to sp3 hybridized carbon. The general formula of alkyl halides is represented as follows:

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  1

Common Name Rules:

  • Identify and name the alkyl group bonded to the sp3 hybridized oxygen atom.
  • Add the word alcohol at the end of the alkyl group’s name to get the complete alcohol common name.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given common name for the alcohol compound is ethylalcohol which contains two parts.

The first part of the alcohol name is ethyl which contains two carbon atoms. So, draw the two carbon atoms in a straight-line as shown down.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  2

The second part of the common name is alcohol which indicates the hydroxyl functional group in the compound. So, the hydroxyl functional group is attached directly to one of the carbon atoms as shown below.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  3

Now, add the hydrogen atoms to each carbon atom in order to complete the structure because each carbon has four bonds around it.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  4

Hence, the structural formula for ethylalcohol is as follows:

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  5

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given alkyl halide name is iodomethane has to be converted into its structure by the reverse naming process.

Concept Introduction:

Alkyl halides:

Alkyl halides are halogenated hydrocarbons with the formula, RX in that molecules one of the hydrogen atom is substituted with the halogen atom such as F, Cl, Br and I. The general formula of alkyl halides is represented as follows:

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  6

IUPAC rules for naming alkyl halides:

  • Identify the parent carbon chain in the given compound. The halogens and alkyl groups bonded to the parent chain are treated as substituents or branched chains. If two chains have the same carbon lengths, choose the chain with a greater number of substituents bonded to it. Name the parent compound based on the number of carbon atoms present in it.
  • The parent carbon chain is numbered from the end of the chains whose alkyl groups must have the lowest possible locants.
  • Identify and name the alkyl groups including their positions on the parent carbon chain.
  • If the parent carbon chain contains two or more same kinds of alkyl groups, indicate this repetition by a numerical multiplier (di-, tri- and so on) used before the alkyl-group name. The numbers for alkyl group positions are separated by a comma and the alkyl-group name and the position number is separated by a hyphen.
  • If the parent carbon chain contains several different alkyl groups, arrange them in alphabetical order (do not consider numerical multipliers). Write all alkyl group names that include their locants in front of the parent compound’s name.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given IUPAC name for the alkyl halide is iodomethane. In alkyl halides, the hydrogen atom in the sp3 hybridized carbon is substituted with a halogen atom. Hence, the structural formula for iodomethane is as follows:

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  7

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given alkyl halide name is 2-chloropentane has to be converted into its structure by the reverse naming process.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given IUPAC name for the alkyl halide is 2-chloropentane so that the parent compound’s name is pentane which contains five carbons. So, draw the five carbon atoms in a straight-line as the parent carbon chain as shown below.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  8

The substituent in the compound is chlorine which is bonded to C-2 in the parent carbon chain. So, draw the chlorine substituet on the parent carbon chain as follows.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  9

Now add the hydrogen atoms to each carbon atom in order to complete the structure because each carbon has four bonds around it.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  10

Hence, the structural formula for 2-chloropentane is as follows:

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  11

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given alcohol name is tert-butylalcohol has to be converted into its structure by the reverse naming process.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (b).

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given common name for the alcohol compound is tert-butylalcohol which contains two parts.

The first part of the alcohol name is tert-butyl which contains four carbon atoms. So, draw the structure of tert-butyl as shown down.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  12

The second part of the common name is alcohol which indicates the hydroxyl functional group in the compound. So, the hydroxyl functional group is attached directly to tertiary carbon atom in the above structure as shown below.

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  13

Hence, the structural formula for tert-butylalcohol is as follows:

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version, Chapter 19, Problem 86AE , additional homework tip  14

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Chapter 19 Solutions

Foundations of College Chemistry, Binder Ready Version

Ch. 19.10 - Prob. 19.11PCh. 19.11 - Prob. 19.12PCh. 19.12 - Prob. 19.13PCh. 19 - Prob. 1RQCh. 19 - Prob. 2RQCh. 19 - Prob. 3RQCh. 19 - Prob. 4RQCh. 19 - Prob. 5RQCh. 19 - Prob. 6RQCh. 19 - Prob. 7RQCh. 19 - Prob. 8RQCh. 19 - Prob. 9RQCh. 19 - Prob. 10RQCh. 19 - Prob. 11RQCh. 19 - Prob. 12RQCh. 19 - Prob. 13RQCh. 19 - Prob. 14RQCh. 19 - Prob. 15RQCh. 19 - Prob. 16RQCh. 19 - Prob. 17RQCh. 19 - Prob. 18RQCh. 19 - Prob. 19RQCh. 19 - Prob. 20RQCh. 19 - Prob. 21RQCh. 19 - Prob. 23RQCh. 19 - Prob. 24RQCh. 19 - Prob. 25RQCh. 19 - Prob. 26RQCh. 19 - Prob. 27RQCh. 19 - Prob. 28RQCh. 19 - Prob. 29RQCh. 19 - Prob. 30RQCh. 19 - Prob. 31RQCh. 19 - Prob. 32RQCh. 19 - Prob. 33RQCh. 19 - Prob. 34RQCh. 19 - Prob. 35RQCh. 19 - Prob. 36RQCh. 19 - Prob. 37RQCh. 19 - Prob. 1PECh. 19 - Prob. 2PECh. 19 - Prob. 3PECh. 19 - Prob. 4PECh. 19 - Prob. 5PECh. 19 - Prob. 6PECh. 19 - Prob. 7PECh. 19 - Prob. 8PECh. 19 - Prob. 9PECh. 19 - Prob. 10PECh. 19 - Prob. 11PECh. 19 - Prob. 12PECh. 19 - Prob. 13PECh. 19 - Prob. 14PECh. 19 - Prob. 15PECh. 19 - Prob. 16PECh. 19 - Prob. 17PECh. 19 - Prob. 18PECh. 19 - Prob. 19PECh. 19 - Prob. 20PECh. 19 - Prob. 21PECh. 19 - Prob. 22PECh. 19 - Prob. 23PECh. 19 - Prob. 24PECh. 19 - Prob. 25PECh. 19 - Prob. 26PECh. 19 - Prob. 27PECh. 19 - Prob. 28PECh. 19 - Prob. 29PECh. 19 - Prob. 30PECh. 19 - Prob. 31PECh. 19 - Prob. 32PECh. 19 - Prob. 33PECh. 19 - Prob. 34PECh. 19 - Prob. 35PECh. 19 - Prob. 36PECh. 19 - Prob. 37PECh. 19 - Prob. 38PECh. 19 - Prob. 39PECh. 19 - Prob. 40PECh. 19 - Prob. 41PECh. 19 - Prob. 42PECh. 19 - Prob. 43PECh. 19 - Prob. 44PECh. 19 - Prob. 45PECh. 19 - Prob. 46PECh. 19 - Prob. 47PECh. 19 - Prob. 48PECh. 19 - Prob. 49PECh. 19 - Prob. 50PECh. 19 - Prob. 51PECh. 19 - Prob. 52PECh. 19 - Prob. 53PECh. 19 - Prob. 54PECh. 19 - Prob. 55PECh. 19 - Prob. 56PECh. 19 - Prob. 57PECh. 19 - Prob. 58PECh. 19 - Prob. 59PECh. 19 - Prob. 60PECh. 19 - Prob. 61PECh. 19 - Prob. 62PECh. 19 - Prob. 63PECh. 19 - Prob. 64PECh. 19 - Prob. 65AECh. 19 - Prob. 66AECh. 19 - Prob. 67AECh. 19 - Prob. 68AECh. 19 - Prob. 69AECh. 19 - Prob. 70AECh. 19 - Prob. 71AECh. 19 - Prob. 72AECh. 19 - Prob. 73AECh. 19 - Prob. 74AECh. 19 - Prob. 75AECh. 19 - Prob. 76AECh. 19 - Prob. 77AECh. 19 - Prob. 78AECh. 19 - Prob. 79AECh. 19 - Prob. 80AECh. 19 - Prob. 81AECh. 19 - Prob. 82AECh. 19 - Prob. 83AECh. 19 - Prob. 84AECh. 19 - Prob. 85AECh. 19 - Prob. 86AECh. 19 - Prob. 87AECh. 19 - Prob. 89AECh. 19 - Prob. 90AE
Lipids - Fatty Acids, Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Terpenes, Waxes, Eicosanoids; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dmoH5dAvpY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY