(a) Interpretation: The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn. Concept introduction: In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

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I have a question about this problem involving mechanisms and drawing curved arrows for acids and bases. I know we need to identify the nucleophile and electrophile, but are there different types of reactions? For instance, what about Grignard reagents and other types that I might not be familiar with? Can you help me with this? I want to identify the names of the mechanisms for problems 1-14, such as Gilman reagents and others. Are they all the same? Also, could you rewrite it so I can better understand? The handwriting is pretty cluttered. Additionally, I need to label the nucleophile and electrophile, but my main concern is whether those reactions differ, like the "Brønsted-Lowry acid-base mechanism, Lewis acid-base mechanism, acid-catalyzed mechanisms, acid-catalyzed reactions, base-catalyzed reactions, nucleophilic substitution mechanisms (SN1 and SN2), elimination reactions (E1 and E2), organometallic mechanisms, and so forth."

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 19.35P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In Heck Coupling reaction R from RX can be vinylic or aryl group. The R’ from H-R’ can be a vinylic or aryl group. X can be Cl, Br or I. In essence, R from R-X replaces H from H-R’ If the R-X halide is vinylic, the configuration about the double bond is retained. If H-R’ is vinylic and has an attached substituent at the opposite end of the C=C then R and the substituent will be trans to each other in the product.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The major organic product for the given reaction is to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In the Suzuki coupling reaction, under basic condition, a vinylic or aryl halide is treated with an organoboron compound and a palladium catalyst. In this reaction, the four steps involved are oxidation addition, substitution, transmetallation, and reductive elimination. The Suzuki reaction is stereospecific. These reactions involving possible E/Z isomerism usually proceed with retention of configuration.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.2P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.3P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.4P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.5P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.6P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.7P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.8P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.9P Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.10P

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Chapter 19 Solutions