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(a)
To determine: Whether the given statement “The polypeptide to be transported into the organelle has a specific short stretch of amino acids that targets the polypeptide to the organelle.” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(b)
To determine: Whether the given statement “The signal sequence is always at the polypeptide’s N-terminus and is cut off by a peptidase within the organelle” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(c)
To determine: Whether the given statement “The signal sequence is recognized and bound by a receptor protein in the organelle’s outer membrane.” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(d)
To determine: Whether the given statement “ATP hydrolysis is known to be required for the translocation process.” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: the The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(e)
To determine: Whether the given statement “GTP hydrolysis is known to be required for the translocation process.” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(f)
To determine: Whether the given statement “Chaperone proteins are involved during translocation of the protein” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(g)
To determine: Whether the given statement “The imported protein is transported in membranous vesicle prior to import” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
(h)
To determine: Whether the given statement “The imported protein enters the organelle through a protein pore that consists of more than two dozen proteins and is large enough to be readily seen with the electron microscope.” is applicable to nuclear import (Nu), mitochondrial import (M), both (Bo) or neither (N).
Introduction: The posttranslational import is a mechanism that helps in the transport of synthesized proteins to either the mitochondria or the nucleus of the cell. The mechanism that transports synthesized proteins to mitochondria is mitochondrial import and import to the nucleus can be defined as a nuclear import.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Becker's World of the Cell (9th Edition)
- Temporal flexibility (the ability to change over time) of actin structures within a cell is maintained by… A. The growth/shrinkage cycle B. Periodic catastrophe C. GTP hydrolysis D. Treadmilling E. None of the abovearrow_forwardDuring in vitro polymerization of actin and microtubule filaments from their subunits, what causes the initial delay in filament growth? A.Nucleation B.Reaching homeostasis C.Nucleotide exchange D.ATP or GTP hydrolysis E.Treadmillingarrow_forwardYou expect to find which of the following in the Microtubule Organizing Center (MTOC)...(mark all that apply) A. Gamma tubulin B. XMAP215 C. Centrioles D. Kinesin-13arrow_forward
- The actin-nucleating protein formin has flexible “arms” containing binding sites that help recruit subunits in order to enhance microfilament polymerization. What protein binds these sites? A.Thymosin B.Profilin C.Cofilin D.Actin E.Tropomodulinarrow_forwardWhile investigating an unidentified motor protein, you discover that it has two heads that bind to actin. Based on this information, you could confidently determine that it is NOT... (mark all that apply) A. A myosin I motor B. A dynein motor C. A myosin VI motor D. A kinesin motorarrow_forwardYou isolate the plasma membrane of cells and find that . . . A. it contains regions with different lipid compositions B. it has different lipid types on the outer and cytosolic leaflets of the membrane C. neither are possible D. A and B both occurarrow_forward
- You are studying the mobility of a transmembrane protein that contains extracellular domains, one transmembrane domain, and a large cytosolic domain. Under normal conditions, this protein is confined to a particular region of the membrane due to the cortical actin cytoskeletal network. Which of the following changes is most likely to increase mobility of this protein beyond the normal restricted region of the membrane? A. Increased temperature B. Protease cleavage of the extracellular domain of the protein C. Binding to a free-floating extracellular ligand, such as a hormone D. Protease cleavage of the cytosolic domain of the protein E. Aggregation of the protein with other transmembrane proteinsarrow_forwardTopic: Benthic invertebrates as an indicator species for climate change, mapping changes in ecosystems (Historical Analysis & GIS) What objects or events has the team chosen to analyze? How does your team wish to delineate the domain or scale in which these objects or events operate? How does that limited domain facilitate a more feasible research project? What is your understanding of their relationships to other objects and events? Are you excluding other things from consideration which may influence the phenomena you seek to understand? Examples of such exclusions might include certain air-born pollutants; a general class of water bodies near Ottawa, or measurements recorded at other months of the year; interview participants from other organizations that are involved in the development of your central topic or issue. In what ways do your research questions follow as the most appropriate and/or most practical questions (given the circumstances) to pursue to better understand…arrow_forwardThe Esp gene encodes a protein that alters the structure of the insulin receptor on osteoblasts and interferes with the binding of insulin to the receptor. A researcher created a group of osteoblasts with an Esp mutation that prevented the production of a functional Esp product (mutant). The researcher then exposed the mutant strain and a normal strain that expresses Esp to glucose and compared the levels of insulin in the blood near the osteoblasts (Figure 2). Which of the following claims is most consistent with the data shown in Figure 2 ? A Esp expression is necessary to prevent the overproduction of insulin. B Esp protein does not regulate blood-sarrow_forward
- Predict the per capita rate of change (r) for a population of ruil trees in the presence of the novel symbiont when the soil moisture is 29%. The formula I am given is y= -0.00012x^2 + 0.0088x -0.1372. Do I use this formula and plug in 29 for each x variable?arrow_forwardPlease answer the following chart so I can understand how to do it.arrow_forwardDigoxin: Intravenous Bolus - Two Compartment Model Drug Digoxin Route: IV Bolus Dose: 0.750 mg Plasma Concentration Time Profile Beta Alpha Time (hrs) Conc (ng/ml) LN (ng/ml) LN (ng/ml) LN 0.00 #NUM! #NUM! #NUM! 0.10 12.290 2.509 #NUM! #NUMI 0.60 6.975 1.942 #NUM! #NUMI 1.00 4.649 1.537 #NUM! #NUMI 2.00 2.201 0.789 #NUM! #NUM! 3.00 1.536 0.429 #NUM! #NUM! 4.00 1.342 0.294 #NUM! #NUM! 5.00 1.273 0.241 #NUM! #NUMI 6.00 1.238 0.213 #NUM! #NUM! 7.00 1.212 0.192 #NUM! #NUM! 8.00 1.188 0.172 #NUMI #NUM! 9.00 1.165 0.153 #NUM! #NUMI 10.00 1.143 0.134 #NUMI #NUM! 11.00 1.122 0.115 #NUM! 12.00 1.101 0.096 #NUMI 13.00 1.080 0.077 #NUMI 16.00 1.020 0.020 #NUMI 24.00 0.876 -0.132 #NUMI Pharmacokinetic Parameters Parameter Value Alpha B Beta Units ng/ml hr-1 ng/ml hr-1 CO ng/ml H.C AUC ng x hr/ml Vc Vbeta Vss C L/hr TK (alpha) hr TX (beta) days 5+ F3 F4 F5 0+ F6 F7 % 6 95 14 #3 29 & t F8 F9 FW EWarrow_forward
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305961135Author:Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougalPublisher:Cengage LearningAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168130Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark WomblePublisher:OpenStax CollegeHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
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