How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol is to be shown. Concept introduction: Phenyl acetaldehyde is to be prepared from phenol. Phenol can be converted into o-ethylphenol by Friedal Crafts reaction. The benzyl carbon can be brominated by treating with NBS. The dehydrohalogeation of the bromo compound and subsequent treatment with peracid will lead to the formation of an epoxide in the side chain. Upon acidification the epoxide ring gets opened to yield an enol which will tautomerize to an aldehyde . To show: How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol.

Question

(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.SE, Problem 65GP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Phenyl acetaldehyde is to be prepared from phenol. Phenol can be converted into o-ethylphenol by Friedal Crafts reaction. The benzyl carbon can be brominated by treating with NBS. The dehydrohalogeation of the bromo compound and subsequent treatment with peracid will lead to the formation of an epoxide in the side chain. Upon acidification the epoxide ring gets opened to yield an enol which will tautomerize to an aldehyde.

To show:

How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

fcrip = ↓ bandwidth Il temp 32. What impact (increase, decrease, or no change) does each of the following conditions have on the individual components of the van Deemter equation and consequently, band broadening? Increase temperature Longer column Using a gas mobile phase instead of liquid Smaller particle stationary phase Multiple Paths Diffusion Mass Transfer

34. Figure 3 shows Van Deemter plots for a solute molecule using different column inner diameters (i.d.). A) Predict whether decreasing the column inner diameters increase or decrease bandwidth. B) Predict which van Deemter equation coefficient (A, B, or C) has the greatest effect on increasing or decreasing bandwidth as a function of i.d. and justify your answer. Figure 3 Van Deemter plots for hydroquinone using different column inner diameters (i.d. in μm). The data was obtained from liquid chromatography experiments using fused-silica capillary columns packed with 1.0-μm particles. 35 20 H(um) 큰 20 15 90 0+ 1500 100 75 550 01 02 594 05 μ(cm/sec) 30 15 10

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.SE, Problem 65GP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Phenyl acetaldehyde is to be prepared from phenol. Phenol can be converted into o-ethylphenol by Friedal Crafts reaction. The benzyl carbon can be brominated by treating with NBS. The dehydrohalogeation of the bromo compound and subsequent treatment with peracid will lead to the formation of an epoxide in the side chain. Upon acidification the epoxide ring gets opened to yield an enol which will tautomerize to an aldehyde.

To show:

How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.SE, Problem 65GP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Phenyl acetaldehyde is to be prepared from phenol. Phenol can be converted into o-ethylphenol by Friedal Crafts reaction. The benzyl carbon can be brominated by treating with NBS. The dehydrohalogeation of the bromo compound and subsequent treatment with peracid will lead to the formation of an epoxide in the side chain. Upon acidification the epoxide ring gets opened to yield an enol which will tautomerize to an aldehyde.

To show:

How to prepare o-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde from phenol.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.SE, Problem 65GP

Interpretation Introduction