Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079250
Author: Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 85E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason as to why operation of the Haber’s process at the lower yield is economically more favorable is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
A reaction is said to be in equilibrium if the rate at which the forward reaction takes place becomes equal to the rate at which the backward reaction takes place. If any of the factors that affect the equilibrium changes, then the reaction shifts in either forward or backward direction so that the equilibrium condition is reestablished.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
10. A novel process for obtaining magnesium from sea water involves several reactions. Write a balanced chemical equation for each step of the process.
(a) The first step is the decomposition of solid calcium carbonate from seashells to form solid calcium oxide and gaseous carbon dioxide.
(b) The second step is the formation of solid calcium hydroxide as the only product from the reaction of the solid calcium oxide with liquid water.
(c) Solid calcium hydroxide is then added to the seawater, reacting with dissolved magnesium chloride to yield solid magnesium hydroxide and aqueous calcium chloride.
(d) The solid magnesium hydroxide is added to a hydrochloric acid solution, producing dissolved magnesium chloride and liquid water.
(e) Finally, the magnesium chloride is melted and electrolyzed to yield liquid magnesium metal and diatomic chlorinegas.
Imagine that 3.60 mol of ammonia is placed in a 2.00 L vessel and allowed to decompose to theelements at 450oC:2 NH3 (g) 3 H2(g) + N2(g)If the experimental value of K is 6.3 for this reaction at 450oC, calculate the equilibriumconcentration of each reagent. What is the total pressure in the flask?
Ammonia is manufactured by the Haber process.
Naa+3H)
Briefly explain how a change in temperature and pressure will affect the yield of ammonia.
Temperature:
2NH
AH=-92KJmol
Pressure:
ii)
Nitric acid is prepared by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia. Write balanced chemical equations to show how
ammonia is converted to nitric acid.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1ECh. 18 - Prob. 2ECh. 18 - Prob. 3ECh. 18 - Prob. 4ECh. 18 - Prob. 5ECh. 18 - Prob. 6ECh. 18 - Prob. 7ECh. 18 - Prob. 8ECh. 18 - Prob. 9ECh. 18 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 19ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 22ECh. 18 - Prob. 23ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Consider the following system at equilibrium at...Ch. 18 - Prob. 27ECh. 18 - Prob. 28ECh. 18 - Prob. 29ECh. 18 - Prob. 30ECh. 18 - Prob. 31ECh. 18 - Prob. 32ECh. 18 - Prob. 33ECh. 18 - Prob. 34ECh. 18 - Which direction of the equilibrium...Ch. 18 - Prob. 36ECh. 18 - Prob. 37ECh. 18 - Prob. 38ECh. 18 - Prob. 39ECh. 18 - Consider the following system at equilibrium at...Ch. 18 - Prob. 41ECh. 18 - Prob. 42ECh. 18 - Prob. 43ECh. 18 - Prob. 44ECh. 18 - Prob. 45ECh. 18 - Prob. 46ECh. 18 - Prob. 47ECh. 18 - Prob. 48ECh. 18 - Prob. 49ECh. 18 - Prob. 50ECh. 18 - The equilibrium between nitrogen monoxide, oxygen,...Ch. 18 - The equilibrium constant expression for a given...Ch. 18 - Prob. 53ECh. 18 - For the following system, K=4.86105 at 298K:...Ch. 18 - Prob. 55ECh. 18 - Prob. 56ECh. 18 - Prob. 57ECh. 18 - Question 57 and 58: In Chapter 9, we discussed how...Ch. 18 - Prob. 59ECh. 18 - A student measures the molar solubility of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 61ECh. 18 - Prob. 62ECh. 18 - Find the moles per liter and grams per 100mL...Ch. 18 - Prob. 64ECh. 18 - Prob. 65ECh. 18 - Prob. 66ECh. 18 - Prob. 67ECh. 18 - Ksp for silver hydroxide is 2.0108. Calculate the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 69ECh. 18 - Prob. 70ECh. 18 - Prob. 71ECh. 18 - Prob. 72ECh. 18 - Prob. 73ECh. 18 - Prob. 74ECh. 18 - Prob. 75ECh. 18 - Prob. 76ECh. 18 - Prob. 77ECh. 18 - Prob. 78ECh. 18 - Prob. 79ECh. 18 - Classify each of the following statements as true...Ch. 18 - Prob. 81ECh. 18 - Prob. 82ECh. 18 - Prob. 83ECh. 18 - Prob. 84ECh. 18 - Prob. 85ECh. 18 - Prob. 86ECh. 18 - Prob. 87ECh. 18 - Prob. 88ECh. 18 - Prob. 89ECh. 18 - Prob. 90ECh. 18 - Hard water has a high concentration of calcium and...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.1TCCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3TCCh. 18 - a What happens to a reaction rate as temperature...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.5TCCh. 18 - Write a brief description of the relationships...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2CLECh. 18 - Prob. 3CLECh. 18 - Prob. 4CLECh. 18 - Prob. 5CLECh. 18 - Prob. 1PECh. 18 - Prob. 2PECh. 18 - Prob. 3PECh. 18 - Prob. 4PECh. 18 - Prob. 5PECh. 18 - Prob. 6PECh. 18 - Prob. 7PECh. 18 - Prob. 8PECh. 18 - Prob. 9PECh. 18 - Prob. 10PECh. 18 - Prob. 11PECh. 18 - Prob. 12PECh. 18 - What is the molar solubility of calcium fluoride...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14PECh. 18 - Prob. 15PECh. 18 - Prob. 16PECh. 18 - Prob. 17PECh. 18 - Prob. 18PECh. 18 - Prob. 19PE
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A sample of N₂O4 gas with a pressure of 1.00 atm is placed in a flask. When equilibrium is achieved, 20.0% of the N₂O4 has been converted to NO₂ gas. (a) Calculate Kp. (b) If the original pressure of N₂O4 is 0.10 atm, what is the percent dissociation of the gas? Is the result in agreement with Le Chatelier's principle?arrow_forwardConsider the Haber process at 500 ºC: N, (g) + 3H, (g)=2NH; (g) with a AH of reaction equal to -92 kJ/mol. How would the equilibrium be influenced by each of the following changes? • Increasing the temperature - left, right, or no effect? • Increasing the volume – left, right, or no effect? • Increasing the pressure • Adding He (g) to the system – left, right, or no effect? • Adding N2 (g) to the system - left, right, or no effect? • Adding catalytic Pt (s) to the system – left, right, or no effect? - left, right, or no effect? Below is a hypothetical reaction and a table showing the initial concentrations of substances in the reaction. If x represents the increase in the concentration of A as the reaction gets to equilibrium, which of these expressions would you use to solve for x? A + B 20 initial: 2 10 K= (10 – 2x)*/x(2+x) = (10 + 2x)*/x(2+x) K= (10 – 2x)*/2x K= (10 – x)*/x(2+x)arrow_forwardThe airbags that protect people in car crashes are inflated by the extremely rapid decomposition of sodium azide, which produces large volumes of nitrogen gas. 1. Write a balanced chemical equation, including physical state symbols, for the decomposition of solid sodium azide (NaN,) into solid sodium and gaseous dinitrogen. alb Ar 2. Suppose 12.0 L of dinitrogen gas are produced by this reaction, at a temperature of 13.0 °C and pressure of exactly 1 atm. Calculate the mass of sodium azide that must have reacted. Round your answer to 3 significant digits. Explanation Check 2021 McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Accessibility <. lenovo dle WebEx at 3pm (dia' just before 3pm) Resp L-650-479-3208 Access Code (meeting Number): 737 129 915 Dois, 3134arrow_forward
- Q1) N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3 (g) Assume K=6, for initial concentration of hydrogen and ammonia at 4 and 0.2 moles, respectively. Calculate for what initial value of nitrogen concentration, the extent of reaction will be the highest.arrow_forwardWhat does the term "equilibrium" mean in technical language to chemists? What are the similarities and differences between the everyday and technical meanings and uses of the term?arrow_forwardThe rare mineral nesquehonite contains MgCO3, together with hydration water (MgCO3.xH2O). A sample containing 21.7 g of nesquehonite is acidified and heated, and 3.51 L of CO2(g) at 0oC and 1 atm are produced. Assuming all the carbonate has reacted to form CO2(g), what is the chemical formula of nesquehonite? Write a chemical equation and the equilibrium constant (solubility product) expression for the dissolution of magnesite in waterarrow_forward
- Equal masses(0.500 g each) of hydrogen and oxygen are placed in an evacuated 4.00 L flask at 25 oC. The mixture is allowed to react to completion and the flask is returned to 25 oC and allowed to come to equilibrium. The equilibrium vapor pressure of water at 25oC is 23.76 torr. A.) What is the total pressure inside the flask before the reactions begins? B.) What is the mass of the water vapor in the flask at equilibrium?arrow_forwardAt room temperature and 1 atm carbon dioxide (CO2) is aarrow_forwardSuppose Cao is placed in a vacuum in which the partial pressure of oxygen is 10-r mm Hg. Will Cao be reduced?arrow_forward
- Pleasee help me with this!!arrow_forwardOne mole of carbon powder and 32 g of O2 gas are allowed to react in a closed 2.00 L flask. After the reaction is complete, and the temperature is allowed to equilibrate to 0 °C, what is the final pressure of CO2 in the flask? 5.00 atm 4.36 atm 3.29 atm 4.12 atm 11.2 atmarrow_forwardWrite the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of the equilibrium between nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetroxide. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of: NO2 if initially the concentration of NO2 is 0.750 M and N2O4 is 0.00 M. The value of K at this temperature is 1.15.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079243
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemical Equilibria and Reaction Quotients; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GiZzCzmO5Q;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY