Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079250
Author: Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 72E
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The pH of 0.501M aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A strong acid easily releases protons to a base or when dissolved in water. It readily participates in an acid-base reaction. A weak acid undergoes only slight ionization in solution. It does not release protons easily. The major species present in a solution of weak acid is the unionized molecular species. However, some ions are present as minor species. The extent of the ionization is determined by the ionization constant.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 72E

The pH of 0.501M aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid is 3.89.

Explanation of Solution

The equation for the dissociation of hypochlorous acid, HOCl is shown below.

HOCl(aq)ClO(aq)+H+(aq)

The dissociation constant, Ka for the above reaction is given below.

Ka=[ClO][H+][HOCl]…(1)

The concentration of HOCl, [HOCl] is 0.501M.

The concentration of the reactant and products before and after ionization can be tabulated as shown below.

HOCl(aq)ClO(aq)+H+(aq)Initial0.501M 00Change                  x       +x      +x   Equilibrium:(0.501x)Mx Mx M

Where,

x is the concentration of the amount of dissociated acid.

Substitute the values in equation (1).

Ka=x×x(0.501x)…(2)

As the acid is weak, the dissociation is less and the value of x will be very less than 0.501.

So, equation (2) can be written as shown below.

Ka=x×x0.501x2=0.501×Kax=0.501×Ka…(3)

The value of Ka is 3.5×108.

Substitute the value of Ka in equation (3).

x=0.501×3.5×108=1.3×104M

For the reaction given above, the concentration of hydrogen ions, [H+] is equal to that of the amount dissociated.

[H+]=1.3×104M

The formula to calculate the pH is given below.

pH=log[H+]…(4)

Substitute the value of [H+] in equation (4).

pH=log[H+]pH=log(1.3×104M)=3.89

Therefore, the pH of 0.501M aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid is 3.89.

Conclusion

The pH of 0.501M aqueous solution of hypochlorous acid is 3.89.

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Chapter 18 Solutions

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach

Ch. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 19ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 22ECh. 18 - Prob. 23ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Consider the following system at equilibrium at...Ch. 18 - Prob. 27ECh. 18 - Prob. 28ECh. 18 - Prob. 29ECh. 18 - Prob. 30ECh. 18 - Prob. 31ECh. 18 - Prob. 32ECh. 18 - Prob. 33ECh. 18 - Prob. 34ECh. 18 - Which direction of the equilibrium...Ch. 18 - Prob. 36ECh. 18 - Prob. 37ECh. 18 - Prob. 38ECh. 18 - Prob. 39ECh. 18 - Consider the following system at equilibrium at...Ch. 18 - Prob. 41ECh. 18 - Prob. 42ECh. 18 - Prob. 43ECh. 18 - Prob. 44ECh. 18 - Prob. 45ECh. 18 - Prob. 46ECh. 18 - Prob. 47ECh. 18 - Prob. 48ECh. 18 - Prob. 49ECh. 18 - Prob. 50ECh. 18 - The equilibrium between nitrogen monoxide, oxygen,...Ch. 18 - The equilibrium constant expression for a given...Ch. 18 - Prob. 53ECh. 18 - For the following system, K=4.86105 at 298K:...Ch. 18 - Prob. 55ECh. 18 - Prob. 56ECh. 18 - Prob. 57ECh. 18 - Question 57 and 58: In Chapter 9, we discussed how...Ch. 18 - Prob. 59ECh. 18 - A student measures the molar solubility of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 61ECh. 18 - Prob. 62ECh. 18 - Find the moles per liter and grams per 100mL...Ch. 18 - Prob. 64ECh. 18 - Prob. 65ECh. 18 - Prob. 66ECh. 18 - Prob. 67ECh. 18 - Ksp for silver hydroxide is 2.0108. Calculate the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 69ECh. 18 - Prob. 70ECh. 18 - Prob. 71ECh. 18 - Prob. 72ECh. 18 - Prob. 73ECh. 18 - Prob. 74ECh. 18 - Prob. 75ECh. 18 - Prob. 76ECh. 18 - Prob. 77ECh. 18 - Prob. 78ECh. 18 - Prob. 79ECh. 18 - Classify each of the following statements as true...Ch. 18 - Prob. 81ECh. 18 - Prob. 82ECh. 18 - Prob. 83ECh. 18 - Prob. 84ECh. 18 - Prob. 85ECh. 18 - Prob. 86ECh. 18 - Prob. 87ECh. 18 - Prob. 88ECh. 18 - Prob. 89ECh. 18 - Prob. 90ECh. 18 - Hard water has a high concentration of calcium and...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.1TCCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3TCCh. 18 - a What happens to a reaction rate as temperature...Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.5TCCh. 18 - Write a brief description of the relationships...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2CLECh. 18 - Prob. 3CLECh. 18 - Prob. 4CLECh. 18 - Prob. 5CLECh. 18 - Prob. 1PECh. 18 - Prob. 2PECh. 18 - Prob. 3PECh. 18 - Prob. 4PECh. 18 - Prob. 5PECh. 18 - Prob. 6PECh. 18 - Prob. 7PECh. 18 - Prob. 8PECh. 18 - Prob. 9PECh. 18 - Prob. 10PECh. 18 - Prob. 11PECh. 18 - Prob. 12PECh. 18 - What is the molar solubility of calcium fluoride...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14PECh. 18 - Prob. 15PECh. 18 - Prob. 16PECh. 18 - Prob. 17PECh. 18 - Prob. 18PECh. 18 - Prob. 19PE
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