EBK CHEMISTRY: AN ATOMS FIRST APPROACH
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220100552236
Author: ZUMDAHL
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 18, Problem 80CP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: Total activity of radiation injected into a person is given. Removal of blood plasma after some time and its radioactivity is also given. The mass percent of water in the person is to be calculated.
Concept introduction: The average number of disintegration per second of a radioactive substance is known as its activity. The biological effects of radiation depends upon several factors such as, the energy of the radiation, ionization ability and penetrating ability of radiation and the chemical properties of the radiation source.
To determine: The mass percent of water in the
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Consider this step in a radical reaction:
Y
What type of step is this? Check all that apply.
Draw the products of the step on the right-hand side of the drawing area
below. If more than one set of products is possible, draw any set.
Also, draw the mechanism arrows on the left-hand side of the drawing
area to show how this happens.
ionization
propagation
initialization
passivation
none of the above
22.16 The following groups are ortho-para directors.
(a)
-C=CH₂
H
(d)
-Br
(b)
-NH2
(c)
-OCHS
Draw a contributing structure for the resonance-stabilized cation formed during elec-
trophilic aromatic substitution that shows the role of each group in stabilizing the
intermediate by further delocalizing its positive charge.
22.17 Predict the major product or products from treatment of each compound with
Cl₁/FeCl₂-
OH
(b)
NO2
CHO
22.18 How do you account for the fact that phenyl acetate is less reactive toward electro-
philic aromatic substitution than anisole?
Phenyl acetate
Anisole
CH
(d)
Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY: AN ATOMS FIRST APPROACH
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1RQCh. 18 - Prob. 2RQCh. 18 - Prob. 3RQCh. 18 - Prob. 4RQCh. 18 - Prob. 5RQCh. 18 - Prob. 6RQCh. 18 - Prob. 7RQCh. 18 - Prob. 8RQCh. 18 - Prob. 9RQCh. 18 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1QCh. 18 - Prob. 2QCh. 18 - Prob. 3QCh. 18 - Prob. 4QCh. 18 - Prob. 5QCh. 18 - Prob. 6QCh. 18 - Prob. 7QCh. 18 - Prob. 8QCh. 18 - Prob. 9QCh. 18 - Prob. 10QCh. 18 - Prob. 11ECh. 18 - Prob. 12ECh. 18 - Prob. 13ECh. 18 - Prob. 14ECh. 18 - Prob. 15ECh. 18 - Prob. 16ECh. 18 - Prob. 17ECh. 18 - Prob. 18ECh. 18 - Prob. 19ECh. 18 - Prob. 20ECh. 18 - Prob. 21ECh. 18 - Prob. 22ECh. 18 - Prob. 23ECh. 18 - Prob. 24ECh. 18 - Prob. 25ECh. 18 - Prob. 26ECh. 18 - Prob. 27ECh. 18 - Prob. 28ECh. 18 - Prob. 29ECh. 18 - Prob. 30ECh. 18 - Prob. 31ECh. 18 - Prob. 32ECh. 18 - Prob. 33ECh. 18 - Prob. 34ECh. 18 - Prob. 35ECh. 18 - Prob. 36ECh. 18 - Prob. 37ECh. 18 - Prob. 38ECh. 18 - Prob. 39ECh. 18 - Prob. 40ECh. 18 - Prob. 41ECh. 18 - Prob. 42ECh. 18 - Prob. 43ECh. 18 - Prob. 44ECh. 18 - Prob. 45ECh. 18 - Prob. 46ECh. 18 - Prob. 47ECh. 18 - Prob. 48ECh. 18 - Prob. 49ECh. 18 - Prob. 50ECh. 18 - Prob. 51ECh. 18 - Prob. 52ECh. 18 - Prob. 53ECh. 18 - A chemist studied the reaction mechanism for the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 55ECh. 18 - Prob. 56ECh. 18 - Prob. 57ECh. 18 - Prob. 58ECh. 18 - Prob. 59AECh. 18 - Prob. 60AECh. 18 - Prob. 61AECh. 18 - Prob. 62AECh. 18 - Prob. 63AECh. 18 - Prob. 64AECh. 18 - Prob. 65AECh. 18 - Prob. 66AECh. 18 - Prob. 67AECh. 18 - Prob. 68AECh. 18 - Prob. 69AECh. 18 - Prob. 70AECh. 18 - Prob. 71AECh. 18 - Prob. 72AECh. 18 - Prob. 73CWPCh. 18 - Prob. 74CWPCh. 18 - Prob. 75CWPCh. 18 - Prob. 76CWPCh. 18 - Prob. 77CWPCh. 18 - Prob. 78CWPCh. 18 - Prob. 79CPCh. 18 - Prob. 80CPCh. 18 - Prob. 81CPCh. 18 - Prob. 82CPCh. 18 - Prob. 83CPCh. 18 - Prob. 84CPCh. 18 - Prob. 85CPCh. 18 - Prob. 86CPCh. 18 - Prob. 87IPCh. 18 - Prob. 88IP
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- Show how to convert ethyl benzene to (a) 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid and (b) 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid.arrow_forwardHelp me solve this problem. Thank you in advance.arrow_forward22.7 Predict the monoalkylated products of the following reactions with benzene. (a) AlCl3 Ya (b) AlCl3 (c) H3PO4 (d) 22.8 Think-Pair-Share AICI3 The reaction below is a common electrophilic aromatic substitution. SO3 H₂SO4 SO₂H (a) Draw the reaction mechanism for this reaction using HSO,+ as the electrophile. (b) Sketch the reaction coordinate diagram, where the product is lower in energy than the starting reactant. (c) Which step in the reaction mechanism is highest in energy? Explain. (d) Which of the following reaction conditions could be used in an electrophilic aro- matic substitution with benzene to provide substituted phenyl derivatives? (i) AICI3 HNO3 H₂SO4 K2Cr2O7 (iii) H₂SO4 (iv) H₂PO₁arrow_forward
- Is an acid-base reaction the only type of reaction that would cause leavening products to rise?arrow_forwardHelp me understand this! Thank you in advance.arrow_forward22.22 For each compound, indicate which group on the ring is more strongly activating and then draw a structural formula of the major product formed by nitration of the compound. Br CHO (a) CH3 (b) (c) CHO CH3 SO₂H (d) ☑ OCHS NO₂ (e) (f) CO₂H NHCOCH3 NHCOCH, (h) CHS 22.23 The following molecules each contain two aromatic rings. (b) 000-100- H3C (a) (c) Which ring in each undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution more readily? Draw the major product formed on nitration.arrow_forward
- V Consider this step in a radical reaction: Br: ? What type of step is this? Check all that apply. Draw the products of the step on the right-hand side of the drawing area below. If more than one set of products is possible, draw any set. Also, draw the mechanism arrows on the left-hand side of the drawing area to show how this happens. ⚫ionization termination initialization neutralization none of the abc Explanation Check 80 Ο F3 F1 F2 2 F4 01 % do5 $ 94 #3 X 5 C MacBook Air 25 F5 F6 66 ©2025 ˇ F7 29 & 7 8arrow_forwardShow how to convert ethyl benzene to (a) 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid and (b) 2,4-dichlorobenzoic acid.arrow_forwardno aiarrow_forward
- Polymers may be composed of thousands of monomers. Draw three repeat units (trimer) of the polymer formed in this reaction. Assume there are hydrogen atoms there are hydrogen atoms on the two ends of the trimer. Ignore inorganic byproducts.arrow_forwardDraw a tetramer if this alternating copolymer pleasearrow_forwardDraw the monomers required to synthesize this condensation polymer.arrow_forward
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