
(a)
Interpretation:
The given amine needs to be labeled as 10, 20 or 30.
Concept introduction:

Answer to Problem 74P
A tertiary (3o) amine.
Explanation of Solution
Amines are derivatives which are derived from ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group. They can be called as alkylamines and arylamines.
Whether an amine is primary (1o), secondary (2o) or tertiary (3o) depends on the number of hydrogen atoms replaced by an alkyl or aryl group in ammonia. The amine is a primary amine if one hydrogen atom is replaced, it is a secondary amine if 2 hydrogen atoms are replaced and if three hydrogen atoms are replaced it is known as a tertiary amine.
The given compound is as follows:
Here, only one hydrogen atom is replaced and therefore this amine called as a primary (1o) amine.
(b)
Interpretation:
The molecular shape around each atom of phentermine needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Molecular geometry is named as molecular shape and it is the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule of the environment. Atoms arrange in space with an exact shape to minimize the repulsion. This can be determined using VSEPR theory.

Answer to Problem 74P
Carbons of benzene molecule;trigonal planar.
Carbon of −CH2 / -C(CH3)2NH2 CH2-/-CH3;tetrahedral.
Nitrogen of NH2;trigonal pyramidal.
Explanation of Solution
VSEPR or Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion theory is a model used to determine the geometry of molecules considering minimum electrostatic repulsion between the valence electrons of central atom in the molecule.
Carbons of benzene molecule;
Number of bonds= 3
Number of lone pairs = 0
Therefore, the shape is trigonal planar.
Carbon of −CH2/ -C(CH3)2NH2CH2-/-CH3;
Number of bonds= 4
Number of lone pairs = 0
Therefore, the shape is tetrahedral.
Nitrogen of NH2;
Number of bonds= 3
Number of lone pairs = 1
Therefore, the shape is trigonal pyramidal.
(c)
Interpretation:
The constitutional isomer containing a primary amine needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Constitutional isomers are called as compounds that have the unique molecular formula and different structural connectivity. To determine whether two molecules are constitutional isomer, the number of each atom needs to be counted in both molecules and see how the atoms are arranged.

Answer to Problem 74P
Explanation of Solution
Whether an amine is primary (1o), secondary (2o) or tertiary (3o) depends on the number of hydrogen atoms replaced by an alkyl or aryl group in ammonia. The amine is a primary amine if one hydrogen atom is replaced, it is a secondary amine if 2 hydrogen atoms are replaced and if three hydrogen atoms are replaced it is known as a tertiary amine.
Here all one hydrogen atom is replaced and therefore this amine called a primary amine (1o).
(d)
Interpretation:
The constitutional isomer that contains a secondary amine needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Constitutional isomers are called as compounds that have the unique molecular formula and different structural connectivity. To determine whether two molecules are constitutional isomer, the number of each atom needs to be counted in both molecules and see how the atoms are arranged.

Answer to Problem 74P
Explanation of Solution
Whether an amine is primary (1o), secondary (2o) or tertiary (3o) depends on the number of hydrogen atoms replaced by an alkyl or aryl group in ammonia. The amine is a primary amine if one hydrogen atom is replaced, it is a secondary amine if 2 hydrogen atoms are replaced and if three hydrogen atoms are replaced it is known as a tertiary amine.
Here all 3 hydrogen atoms are replaced and therefore this amine called as a secondary amine (2o).
(e)
Interpretation:
The structure of phentermine hydrobromide molecule needs to be drawn.
Concept introduction:
Phentermine hydrobromide can stimulate the central nervous system and increases the blood pressure and heart rate which decreases the appetite. It is taken along with diet and exercise in order to reduce obesity.

Answer to Problem 74P
Explanation of Solution
Phentermine hydrobromide can stimulate the central nervous system and increases the blood pressure and heart rate which decreases the appetite. It is taken along with the diet and exercise in order to reduce the obesity.
Its molecular formula is C17H22BrN. It has the following structure.
(f)
Interpretation:
The products formed if phentermine is treated with benzoic acid needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Amines are derivatives which are derived from ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group. They can be called as alkylamines and arylamines.

Answer to Problem 74P
Explanation of Solution
Amines are derivatives which are derived from ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group. They can be called as alkylamines and arylamines.
Whether an amine is primary (1o), secondary (2o) or tertiary (3o) depends on the number of hydrogen atoms replaced by an alkyl or aryl group in ammonia. The amine is a primary amine if one hydrogen atom is replaced, it is a secondary amine if 2 hydrogen atoms are replaced and if three hydrogen atoms are replaced it is known as a tertiary amine.
Benzphetamine is a tertiary ammine. It has basic properties and it accepts protons from acids. Acetic acid is donated a proton to this amine and formed below the salt.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
- For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C-C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 CI MgCl ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No MgBr ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No G टेarrow_forwardFor each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new CC bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. དྲ。 ✗MgBr ? O CI Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new C-C bond? Yes No • ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No × : ☐ Xarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: OH NaBH4 H ? CH3OH Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : Sarrow_forward
- Predict the major products of this organic reaction: 1. LIAIHA 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X : ☐arrow_forwardFor each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C - C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 tu ? ? OH Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No C $ ©arrow_forwardAs the lead product manager at OrganometALEKS Industries, you are trying to decide if the following reaction will make a molecule with a new C-C bond as its major product: 1. MgCl ? 2. H₂O* If this reaction will work, draw the major organic product or products you would expect in the drawing area below. If there's more than one major product, you can draw them in any arrangement you like. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. If the major products of this reaction won't have a new CC bond, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. This reaction will not make a product with a new CC bond. G marrow_forward
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- (Methanesulfinyl)methane is reacted with NaH, and then with acetophenone. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forward3-Oxo-butanenitrile and (E)-2-butenal are mixed with sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forwardWhat is the reason of the following(use equations if possible) a.) In MO preperation through diazotization: Addition of sodium nitrite in acidfied solution in order to form diazonium salt b.) in MO experiment: addition of sodium hydroxide solution in the last step to isolate the product MO. What is the color of MO at low pH c.) In MO experiment: addition of sodium hydroxide solution in the last step to isolate the product MO. What is the color of MO at pH 4.5 d.) Avoiding not cooling down the reaction mixture when preparing the diazonium salt e.) Cbvcarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning

