Chapter 18, Problem 24A

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) and AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is a viral infection that is either acquired or congenital. Acquired HIV/AIDS occurs through contact with the blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, and amniotic fluid of carriers.

Answer to Problem 24A

Correct Answer:

Option (A) viral RNA is used to make DNA.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (A) viral RNA is used to make DNA. The retroviruses are the viruses having RNA as a genome. As the virus need to produce viral protein using the host’s resources, the virus has to convert the RNA to DNA first and then this DNA produces mRNA that is translated to proteins. Hence, the HIV virus’s RNA is used to make DNA.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

Option (B) Viral DNA is used to make RNA. The retrovirus including HIV have RNA as a genome, so, they need to convert RNA to DNA first. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.

Option (C) Protein is made directly from viral RNA. The retro virus needs the conversion of RNA to DNA for using host’s machinery of transcription and translation. Hence, it is not correct.

Option (D) Protein is made directly from viral DNA. The retro virus needs the conversion of RNA to DNA for using host’s machinery of transcription and translation. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.