Chapter 18, Problem 22STP

To determine

To create: a chart that compares the properties of polar and non-polar molecules.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Polar molecules are those in which two or more different atoms of different electronegativity are present. Non-polar molecules have two or more atoms of the same electronegativity.

Properties of polar and non-polar molecules are listed below:

Polar molecules	Non-polar molecules
The dipole moment of polar molecules is non zero.	The dipole moment of non-polar molecules is zero.
Polar molecules generally have unsymmetrical shapes.	Non-polar molecules generally have symmetrical shapes.
Polar molecules have partial charges.	Non-polar molecules don’t have partial charges.
The dipole moment of these molecules represented by an arrow.	There is no dipole moment.
When the two nonmetal atoms of different electronegativity share their electron, then covalent bonds are formed. These molecules are called polar molecules.	When the two nonmetal atoms of the same electronegativity share their electrons, then covalent bonds are formed. These molecules are called polar molecules.
Examples are ${\text{HCl,NH}}_{\text{3}}$ , etc.	Examples are ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,O}}_{\text{2}}$ , etc.

Conclusion:

Hence, the differences between polar and non-polar molecules are listed.