Chapter 18, Problem 19STP

To determine

To draw: the dot diagram for any one of the molecules out of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,O}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,F}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,Cl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{,Br}}_{\text{2}}\text{and}{\text{I}}_{\text{2}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

Electron dot structures are diagrams demonstrating the bonding of the molecular atoms to the lone pairs of electrons that can occur in the molecule. It is also known as Lewis diagram.

Since nitrogen molecule is chemically inert and also stable, because single nitrogen is unstable due to lack electrons in valence shell. That’s why, if two nitrogen shares their valence electrons, then it will become stable and their octet will also get completed.

Electron dot diagram for ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$ :

The atomic number of Nitrogen is 7 and its electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^3$ . It has 5 valence electrons.

Electron dot diagram for ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ :

The atomic number of Nitrogen is 6 and its electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^2$ . It has 2 valence electrons.

Electron dot diagram for ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ :

The atomic number of Nitrogen is 1 and its electronic configuration is $1s^1$ . It has 1 valence electron.

Conclusion:

Hence, diagrams for ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}$ , ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$ , ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}$ are drawn.