Chapter 18, Problem 32R

To determine

The correct term related to the phrase.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

The positively and negatively charged particles are called ions and they carry positive and negative charges. These atoms that make up these ions are covalently bonded, and the ion continues to act like a single particle that remains intact during most chemical reactions. A bond formed from shared electrons is called a covalent bond.

Whenever there is sharing of electrons between two atoms, there is a formation of molecules. For example, water molecule ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ .

${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is a covalent compound. The water molecule has 2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Each hydrogen atom has 1 valence electron and they require 1 electron to complete their orbit. Oxygen has 6 electrons in its outer shell and needs 2 electrons to complete its octet. Thus, both hydrogen and oxygen share the electrons with each other and form a polar covalent bond.

Conclusion:

Hence, a particle made of covalently bonded atoms represents molecules.