College Physics (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321902788
Author: Hugh D. Young, Philip W. Adams, Raymond Joseph Chastain
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 1CQ
Why must electric field lines be perpendicular to equipotential surfaces?
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
The reason for which the electric field lines must be perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
Answer to Problem 1CQ
There will be no change in potential when a charge moves perpendicular to the field lines, and hence no work done. The equipotential surface is thus along the direction perpendicular to the field line. Since the work done on a charge in an equipotential surface is zero, it is thus along the direction perpendicular to the field line.
Explanation of Solution
The tangent to the electric field line at a point gives the direction of electric force at that point. This results the absence of any component of electric force in the direction perpendicular to the field line.
The work done on a charge when it moves in an equipotential surface is zero. There will be no change in potential when a charge moves perpendicular to the field lines, and hence no work done. The equipotential surface is thus along the direction perpendicular to the field line.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
College Physics (10th Edition)
Ch. 18 - Why must electric field lines be perpendicular to...Ch. 18 - Which way do electric field lines point, from high...Ch. 18 - If the electric field is zero throughout a certain...Ch. 18 - The potential (relative to a point at infinity)...Ch. 18 - A capacitor is charged by being connected to a...Ch. 18 - A capacitor is charged by being connected to a...Ch. 18 - Two parallel-plate capacitors, identical except...Ch. 18 - The two plates of a capacitor are given charges Q,...Ch. 18 - Liquid dielectrics having polar molecules (such as...Ch. 18 - To store the maximum amount of energy in a...
Ch. 18 - You have two capacitors and want to connect them...Ch. 18 - You have three capacitors, not necessarily equal,...Ch. 18 - A surface will be an equipotential surface if...Ch. 18 - In Figure 18.31, point P is equidistant from both...Ch. 18 - For the capacitor network shown in Figure 18.32, a...Ch. 18 - Two charges are placed on the x axis. 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The...Ch. 18 - A 4.00 F and a 6.00 F capacitor are wired in...Ch. 18 - In the circuit shown in Figure 18.40, the...Ch. 18 - In Figure 18.41 each capacitor has C = 4.00 f and...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.42 shows a system of four capacitors...Ch. 18 - For the system of capacitors shown in Figure...Ch. 18 - How much charge does a 12 V battery have to supply...Ch. 18 - A 5.80 F parallel-plate air capacitor has a plate...Ch. 18 - (a) How much charge does a battery have to supply...Ch. 18 - In the text, it was shown that the energy stored...Ch. 18 - A parallel-plate vacuum capacitor has 8.38 J of...Ch. 18 - A 5.00 nF parallel-plate capacitor contains 25.0 J...Ch. 18 - For the capacitor network shown in Figure 18.44,...Ch. 18 - For the capacitor network shown in Figure 18.45,...Ch. 18 - For the capacitor network shown in Figure 18.46,...Ch. 18 - A parallel-plate air capacitor has a capacitance...Ch. 18 - Cell membranes. 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