
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The number of carbon atoms that end up outside the ring in the cyclization of the open-chain form of
Concept introduction: Open chain structures of monosaccharides which contain five or more carbon atoms exist in equilibrium with two cyclic structures. These cyclic structures are the dominating forms at equilibrium. The carbonyl group in the open-chain structure of monosaccharide reacts intramolecularly with a hydroxyl group which results in the formation of cyclic forms. These cyclic compounds are called cyclic hemiacetals.
(b)
Interpretation: The number of carbon atoms that end up outside the ring in the cyclization of the open-chain form of
Concept introduction: Open chain structures of monosaccharides which contain five or more carbon atoms exist in equilibrium with two cyclic structures. These cyclic structures are the dominating forms at equilibrium. The carbonyl group in the open-chain structure of monosaccharide reacts intramolecularly with a hydroxyl group which results in the formation of cyclic forms. These cyclic compounds are called cyclic hemiacetals.
(c)
Interpretation: The number of carbon atoms that end up outside the ring in the cyclization of the open-chain form of
Concept introduction: Open chain structures of monosaccharides which contain five or more carbon atoms exist in equilibrium with two cyclic structures. These cyclic structures are the dominating forms at equilibrium. The carbonyl group in the open-chain structure of monosaccharide reacts intramolecularly with a hydroxyl group which results in the formation of cyclic forms. These cyclic compounds are called cyclic hemiacetals.
(d)
Interpretation: The number of carbon atoms that end up outside the ring in the cyclization of the open-chain form of
Concept introduction: Open chain structures of monosaccharides which contain five or more carbon atoms exist in equilibrium with two cyclic structures. These cyclic structures are the dominating forms at equilibrium. The carbonyl group in the open-chain structure of monosaccharide reacts intramolecularly with a hydroxyl group which results in the formation of cyclic forms. These cyclic compounds are called cyclic hemiacetals.

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Chapter 18 Solutions
General, Organic, And Biological Chemistry, Hybrid (with Owlv2 Quick Prep For General Chemistry Printed Access Card)
- Using the table of Reactants and Products provided provide the correct letter that corresponds with the Carboxylic acid that is formed in the reaction below. 6 M NaOH Acid-workup WRITE THE CORRECT LETTER ONLY DO NOT WRITE EXTRA WORDS OR PHRASES A) Pool of Reagents for Part B CI B) OH C) E) CI J) racemic F) K) OH N) OH P) G) OH D) HO H) L) M) HO Q) R) CI Aarrow_forwardIn the table below, the exact chemical structures for Methyl salicylate can be represented by the letter WRITE THE CORRECT LETTER ONLY DO NOT WRITE EXTRA WORDS OR PHRASES CI B) A) E) Cl racemic F) J) CI K) N) OH P) Pool of Reagents for Part B OH OH G) L) OH D) HO H) M) HO Q) R) CIarrow_forwardDraw the stepwise mechanism for the reactionsarrow_forward
- Part I. a) Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone b) Pinacol (2,3-dimethyl, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture of pina colone (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) and 2, 3-dimethyl - 1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable mechanism the formation of the products Forarrow_forward3. The explosive decomposition of 2 mole of TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) is shown below: Assume the C(s) is soot-basically atomic carbon (although it isn't actually atomic carbon in real life). 2 CH3 H NO2 NO2 3N2 (g)+7CO (g) + 5H₂O (g) + 7C (s) H a. Use bond dissociation energies to calculate how much AU is for this reaction in kJ/mol.arrow_forwardPart I. Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone and answer the ff: Pinacol (2,3-dimethyl, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture of pina colone and (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable mechanism the formation of the products Forarrow_forward
- Show the mechanism for these reactionsarrow_forwardDraw the stepwise mechanismarrow_forwardDraw a structural formula of the principal product formed when benzonitrile is treated with each reagent. (a) H₂O (one equivalent), H₂SO₄, heat (b) H₂O (excess), H₂SO₄, heat (c) NaOH, H₂O, heat (d) LiAlH4, then H₂Oarrow_forward
- Draw the stepwise mechanism for the reactionsarrow_forwardDraw stepwise mechanismarrow_forwardPart I. Draw reaction mechanism for the transformations of benzophenone to benzopinacol to benzopinaco lone and answer the ff: a) Give the major reason for the exposure of benzophenone al isopropyl alcohol (w/acid) to direct sunlight of pina colone Mechanism For b) Pinacol (2,3-dimethy 1, 1-3-butanediol) on treatment w/ acid gives a mixture (3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone) and 2, 3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. Give reasonable the formation of the productsarrow_forward
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