Chapter 18, Problem 18.54SP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The state among perfectly ordered structure or disordered crystal of nitrous oxide that has greater entropy in terms of probability is to be identified and explained.

Concept introduction:

Third law of thermodynamics suggests that the entropy associated with perfectly crystalline substance is zero.

The Boltzmann equation used to calculate entropy is as follows:

$S=k\ln W$

Where,

• $k$ denotes Boltzmann’s constant.
• $W$ denotes probability or ways that a specific arrangement can be achieved.
• $S$ denotes entropy.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether quartz crystal or amorphous quartz has greater entropy in terms of probability is to be identified and explained.

Concept introduction:

The Boltzmann equation used to calculate entropy is as follows:

$S=k\ln W$

Where,

• $k$ denotes Boltzmann’s constant.
• $W$ denotes probability or ways that a specific arrangement can be achieved.
• $S$ denotes entropy.