Synthesis of the molecule is to be shown using an Aldol reaction. Concept introduction: If we see the molecule, we find that it is an α,β- unsaturated carbonyl compound. The molecule is an α,β- unsaturated aldehyde , so it can be the product of dehydrating the β- hydroxy aldehyde. To apply a transform that undoes an aldol addition, we must disconnect the bond between α and β carbons. Because the resulting aldehyde precursors are different from each other, more than one aldol product is possible in the forward direction. To produce the desired product only, we should slowly add the aldehyde with α- hydrogens to a basic solution of the aldehyde without α- hydrogens.

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the molecule is to be shown using an Aldol reaction.

Concept introduction:

If we see the molecule, we find that it is an α,β- unsaturated carbonyl compound. The molecule is an α,β- unsaturated aldehyde, so it can be the product of dehydrating the β- hydroxy aldehyde. To apply a transform that undoes an aldol addition, we must disconnect the bond between α and β carbons. Because the resulting aldehyde precursors are different from each other, more than one aldol product is possible in the forward direction. To produce the desired product only, we should slowly add the aldehyde with α- hydrogens to a basic solution of the aldehyde without α- hydrogens.

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(9 Pts) In one of the two Rare Earth element rows of the periodic table, identify an exception tothe general ionization energy (IE) trend. For the two elements involved, answer the followingquestions. Be sure to cite sources for all physical data that you use.a. (2 pts) Identify the two elements and write their electronic configurations.b. (2 pts) Based on their configurations, propose a reason for the IE trend exception.c. (5 pts) Calculate effective nuclear charges for the last electron in each element and theAllred-Rochow electronegativity values for the two elements. Can any of these valuesexplain the IE trend exception? Explain how (not) – include a description of how IErelates to electronegativity.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the molecule is to be shown using an Aldol reaction.

Concept introduction:

If we see the molecule, we find that it is an α,β- unsaturated carbonyl compound. The molecule is an α,β- unsaturated aldehyde, so it can be the product of dehydrating the β- hydroxy aldehyde. To apply a transform that undoes an aldol addition, we must disconnect the bond between α and β carbons. Because the resulting aldehyde precursors are different from each other, more than one aldol product is possible in the forward direction. To produce the desired product only, we should slowly add the aldehyde with α- hydrogens to a basic solution of the aldehyde without α- hydrogens.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of the molecule is to be shown using an Aldol reaction.

Concept introduction:

If we see the molecule, we find that it is an α,β- unsaturated carbonyl compound. The molecule is an α,β- unsaturated aldehyde, so it can be the product of dehydrating the β- hydroxy aldehyde. To apply a transform that undoes an aldol addition, we must disconnect the bond between α and β carbons. Because the resulting aldehyde precursors are different from each other, more than one aldol product is possible in the forward direction. To produce the desired product only, we should slowly add the aldehyde with α- hydrogens to a basic solution of the aldehyde without α- hydrogens.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18, Problem 18.30P

Interpretation Introduction