Chapter 17.4, Problem 17.23P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products formed during the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the given ester have to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

Ester: One $-OR\text{'}$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOR\text{'}$. The hydrogen atom of $-COOH$ is replaced by an alkyl group.

Ester Hydrolysis: Ester hydrolysis can be caused by acid and base.

• Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis: In presence of strong acid such as ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$, ester reacts with water to form the corresponding alcohol and carboxylic acid. T s the reverse of esterification.
• Saponification: Ester hydrolysis taking place in presence of base such as $NaOH$ or $KOH$ is known as saponification. Ester reacts with hydroxide ion forming carboxylic acid which again reacts with base resulting in the formation of a caboxylate anion.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products formed during the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the given ester have to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

Ester: One $-OR\text{'}$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOR\text{'}$. The hydrogen atom of $-COOH$ is replaced by an alkyl group.

Ester Hydrolysis: Ester hydrolysis can be caused by acid and base.

• Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis: In presence of strong acid such as ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$, ester reacts with water to form the corresponding alcohol and carboxylic acid. T s the reverse of esterification.
• Saponification: Ester hydrolysis taking place in presence of base such as $NaOH$ or $KOH$ is known as saponification. Ester reacts with hydroxide ion forming carboxylic acid which again reacts with base resulting in the formation of a caboxylate anion.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products formed during the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the given ester have to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

Ester: One $-OR\text{'}$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOR\text{'}$. The hydrogen atom of $-COOH$ is replaced by an alkyl group.

Ester Hydrolysis: Ester hydrolysis can be caused by acid and base.

• Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis: In presence of strong acid such as ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$, ester reacts with water to form the corresponding alcohol and carboxylic acid. T s the reverse of esterification.
• Saponification: Ester hydrolysis taking place in presence of base such as $NaOH$ or $KOH$ is known as saponification. Ester reacts with hydroxide ion forming carboxylic acid which again reacts with base resulting in the formation of a caboxylate anion.