Chapter 17.1, Problem 17.11P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A $\text{α-amino}$ group, monosubstituted amide, methyl ester, carboxylic acid and disubstituted amide has to be identified from the given biomolecule.

Concept Introduction:

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

Ester: One $-OR\text{'}$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOR\text{'}$. The hydrogen atom of $-COOH$ is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group.

Esterification reaction: Esters are prepared by the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol molecule with the elimination of water molecule. The addition of a strong acid such as ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ is used to increase the rate of reaction.

Here, the $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the carboxylic acid is being replaced by the $-OR\text{'}$ in the alcohol forming ester and water.

Amines are the derivatives of ammonia $\left(N{H}_3\right)$ with one or more of the hydrogens replaced with a substituent such as an alkyl group.

Depending on the number of carbon side chain of the nitrogen, different types of amines can form.

Aromatic Compounds: Compounds that are planar, conjugated, cyclic and having $\left(4n+2\right)\pi$ electrons are known as aromatic compounds.