Essential University Physics: Volume 1; Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134197319
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17, Problem 66P
Show that the coefficient of volume expansion of an ideal gas at constant pressure is the reciprocal of its kelvin temperature.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Essential University Physics: Volume 1; Mastering Physics with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Ch. 17.1 - If you double the kelvin temperature of a gas,...Ch. 17.2 - You bring a pot of water to boil and then forget...Ch. 17.3 - The figure shows a donut-shaped object. If its...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1FTDCh. 17 - According to the ideal-gas law, what should be the...Ch. 17 - Why are you supposed to check tire pressure when...Ch. 17 - The average speed of the molecules in a gas...Ch. 17 - Suppose you start running while holding a closed...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6FTDCh. 17 - Your roommate claims that ice and snow must be at...
Ch. 17 - Whats the temperature of water just under the ice...Ch. 17 - Ice and water have been together in a glass for a...Ch. 17 - Which takes more heat: melting a gram of ice...Ch. 17 - The atmospheres of relatively low-mass planets...Ch. 17 - The triple point of water defines a precise...Ch. 17 - How is it possible to have boiling water at a...Ch. 17 - How does a pressure cooker work?Ch. 17 - Suppose mercury and glass had the same coefficient...Ch. 17 - A bimetallic strip consists of thin pieces of...Ch. 17 - Marss atmospheric pressure is about 1% that of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 18ECh. 17 - Whats the pressure of an ideal gas if 3.5 mol...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20ECh. 17 - (a) If 2.0 mol of an ideal gas are initially at...Ch. 17 - A pressure of 1010 Pa is readily achievable with...Ch. 17 - Whats the thermal speed of hydrogen molecules at...Ch. 17 - In which gas are the molecules moving faster:...Ch. 17 - How much energy does it take to melt a 65-g ice...Ch. 17 - It takes 200 J to melt an 8.0-g sample of one of...Ch. 17 - If it takes 840 kJ to vaporize a sample of liquid...Ch. 17 - Carbon dioxide sublimes (changes from solid to...Ch. 17 - Find the energy needed to convert 28 kg of liquid...Ch. 17 - A copper wire is 20 m long on a winter day when...Ch. 17 - You have exactly 1 L of ethyl alcohol at room...Ch. 17 - A Pyrex glass marble is 1.00000 cm in diameter at...Ch. 17 - At 0C, the hole in a steel washer is 9.52 mm in...Ch. 17 - Suppose a single piece of welded steel railroad...Ch. 17 - Prob. 35PCh. 17 - Prob. 36PCh. 17 - A compressed air cylinder stands 100 cm tall and...Ch. 17 - Youre a lawyer with an unusual case. A...Ch. 17 - A 3000-mL flask is initially open in a room...Ch. 17 - The recommended treatment for frostbite is rapid...Ch. 17 - A stove burner supplies heat to a pan at the rate...Ch. 17 - If a 1-megaton nuclear bomb were exploded deep in...Ch. 17 - Youre winter camping and are melting snow for...Ch. 17 - Prob. 44PCh. 17 - A refrigerator extracts energy from its contents...Ch. 17 - Climatologists have recently recognized that black...Ch. 17 - Repeat Example 17.4 with an initial ice mass of 50...Ch. 17 - How much energy does it take to melt 10 kg of ice...Ch. 17 - Water is brought to its boiling point and then...Ch. 17 - Prob. 50PCh. 17 - Whats the minimum amount of ice in Example 17.4...Ch. 17 - A bowl contains 16 kg of punch (essentially water)...Ch. 17 - A 50-g ice cube at 10C is placed in an equal mass...Ch. 17 - Prob. 54PCh. 17 - What power is needed to melt 20 kg of ice in 6.0...Ch. 17 - You put 300 g of water at 20C into a 500-W...Ch. 17 - If 4.5 105 kg of emergency cooling water at 10C...Ch. 17 - Describe the composition and temperature of the...Ch. 17 - A glass marble 1.000 cm in diameter is to be...Ch. 17 - Prob. 60PCh. 17 - A steel ball bearing is encased in a Pyrex glass...Ch. 17 - Fuel systems of modern cars are designed so...Ch. 17 - A rod of length L0 is clamped rigidly at both...Ch. 17 - Prob. 64PCh. 17 - A solar-heated house stores energy in 5.0 tons of...Ch. 17 - Show that the coefficient of volume expansion of...Ch. 17 - Waters coefficient of volume expansion in the...Ch. 17 - When the expansion coefficient varies with...Ch. 17 - Ignoring air resistance, find the height from...Ch. 17 - The timekeeping of a grandfather clock is...Ch. 17 - Prob. 71PCh. 17 - Prob. 72PCh. 17 - Figure 17.12 shows an apparatus used to determine...Ch. 17 - Prob. 74PCh. 17 - (a) Show that, for an ideal gas, the speed of...Ch. 17 - The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, plotted in...Ch. 17 - At high gas densities, the van der Waals equation...Ch. 17 - Prob. 78PPCh. 17 - Prob. 79PPCh. 17 - Because some pathogens can survive 120C...Ch. 17 - Prob. 81PP
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- For a temperature increase of 10 at constant volume, what is the heat absorbed by (a) 3.0 mol of a dilute monatomic gas; (b) 0.50 mol of a dilute diatomic gas; and (c) 15 mol of a dilute polyatomic gas?arrow_forwardCylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.arrow_forwardA gas is at 200 K. If we wish to double the rms speed of the molecules of the gas, to what value must we raise its temperature? (a) 283 K (b) 400 K (c) 566 K (d) 800 K (e) 1 130 Karrow_forward
- Two cylinders A and B at the same temperature contain the same quantity of the same kind of gas. Cylinder A has three times the volume of cylinder B. What can you conclude about the pressures the gases exert? (a) We can conclude nothing about the pressures. (b) The pressure in A is three times the pressure in B. (c) The pressures must be equal. (d) The pressure in A must be one-third the pressure in B.arrow_forwardConsider the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function plotted in Problem 28. For those parameters, determine the rms velocity and the most probable speed, as well as the values of f(v) for each of these values. Compare these values with the graph in Problem 28. 28. Plot the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution function for a gas composed of nitrogen molecules (N2) at a temperature of 295 K. Identify the points on the curve that have a value of half the maximum value. Estimate these speeds, which represent the range of speeds most of the molecules are likely to have. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. Equation 20.18 can be used to find the rms velocity given the temperature, Boltzmanns constant, and the mass of the atom or molecule. The mass of a nitrogen molecule is 4.68 1026 kg. vrms=3kBTm=3(1.381023J/K)4.681026kg=511m/s Using the results of Problem 28 and the rms velocity, we can calculate the value of f(v). f(vrms) = (3.11 108)(511)2 e(5.75106(511)2) = 0.00181 The most probable speed, for which this function has its maximum value, is given by Equation 20.20. vmp=2kBTm=2(1.381023J/K)(295K)4.681026kg=417m/s f(vmp) = (3.11108)(417)2 e(5.75106(417)2) = 0.00199 We plot these points on the speed distribution. The most probable speed is indeed at the peak of the distribution function. Since the function is not symmetric, the rms velocity is somewhat higher than the most probable speed. Figure P20.29ANSarrow_forwardThe pressure gauge on a cylinder of gas registers the gauge pressure, which is the difference between the interior pressure and the exterior pressure P0. Lets call the gauge pressure Pg. When the cylinder is full, the mass of the gas in it is mi at a gauge pressure of Pgi. Assuming the temperature of the cylinder remains constant, show that the mass of the gas remaining in the cylinder when the pressure reading is Pgf is given by mf=mi(Pgf+P0Pgi+P0)arrow_forward
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- What is the average velocity of the air molecules in the room where you are right now?arrow_forwardOne cylinder contains helium gas and another contains krypton gas at the same temperature. Mark each of these statements true, false, or impossible to determine from the given information. (a) The rms speeds of atoms in the two gases are the same. (b) The average kinetic energies of atoms in the two gases are the same. (c) The internal energies of 1 mole of gas in each cylinder are the same. (d) The pressures in the two cylinders ale the same.arrow_forwardReview. This problem is a continuation of Problem 16.29 in Chapter 16. A hot-air balloon consists of an envelope of constant volume 400 m3. Not including the air inside, the balloon and cargo have mass 200 kg. The air outside and originally inside is a diatomic ideal gas at 10.0C and 101 kPa, with density 1.25 kg/m3. A propane burner at the center of the spherical envelope injects energy into the air inside. The air inside stays at constant pressure. Hot air, at just the temperature required to make the balloon lift off, starts to fill the envelope at its closed top, rapidly enough so that negligible energy flows by heat to the cool air below it or out through the wall of the balloon. Air at 10C leaves through an opening at the bottom of the envelope until the whole balloon is filled with hot air at uniform temperature. Then the burner is shut off and the balloon rises from the ground. (a) Evaluate the quantity of energy the burner must transfer to the air in the balloon. (b) The heat value of propanethe internal energy released by burning each kilogramis 50.3 MJ/kg. What mass of propane must be burned?arrow_forward
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