Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 17, Problem 3A
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Transgenic organisms contain a gene called as transgene from a different species, which has incorporated into their genetic composition through genetic engineering. The technique of genetic engineering also allows removal and change of gene as well. For example, a human gene can be placed in bacterial genome and the bacteria will encode the proteins of human.
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Why is it adaptive for a bacterium to not express the genes that encode that lactose utilization proteins when lactose is not available?
a.
Catabolism of lactose in protein transcription needs a lot of energy.
b.
The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve enzymes.
c.
The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve energy.
d.
The reason is conservation of energy for the enzyme.
e.
The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve lactose.
Why can the transcriptome not be used to predict the proteome with complete accuracy?
a. It cannot be sequenced like the genome can be.
b. The transcriptome is too dynamic to be used to make predictions.
c. Not all genes are transcribed.
d. Many transcripts are alternatively spliced to produce different proteins.
The reason why Beadle and Tatum observed four different categories of mutants that could not grow on media without methionine is because
a. the enzyme involved in methionine biosynthesis is composed of four different subunits.
b. the enzyme involved in methionine biosynthesis is present in four copies in the Neurospora genome.
c. four different enzymes are involved in a pathway for methionine biosynthesis.
d. a lack of methionine biosynthesis can inhibit Neurospora growth in four different ways.
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 17.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.1 - Describe the construction and uses of recombinant...Ch. 17.2 - Relate the process of DNA replication to PCR.Ch. 17.2 - Compare and contrast PCR, RT-PCR, and quantitative...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 17.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.3 - Describe the pros and cons of RNA interference and...Ch. 17.4 - Explain how the universal nature of the genetic...Ch. 17.4 - Compare and contrast knockout, knockin, and...
Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 17.5 - Describe the benefits of biofuel production from...Ch. 17.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 17.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 17.6 - Compare and contrast FISH and gene chip...Ch. 17.6 - Describe how immunoassays can be used to diagnose...Ch. 17.7 - Describe the benefits of creating transgenic...Ch. 17.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 17.7 - Evaluate issues on each side of the transgenic...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1DACh. 17 - Prob. 2DACh. 17 - Prob. 1IQCh. 17 - Prob. 2IQCh. 17 - You study a gene known to be important in the...Ch. 17 - What is the basis of separation of different DNA...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3UCh. 17 - FISH analysis of a breast tumor biopsy for HER2...Ch. 17 - In terms of studying gene function, what is the...Ch. 17 - The Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium usually induces...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1ACh. 17 - Which of the following statements is accurate for...Ch. 17 - Prob. 3ACh. 17 - Many human proteins, such as hemoglobin, are only...Ch. 17 - Amyloid beta is a proteolytic product of a protein...
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- 1a) Why is it possible for you to study the eye colour gene by extracting cheek cells? a. Because the nucleus of every cell in the human body contains the same genetic information. b. Because the cheek cells are located near the cells of the eye and so they are able to exchange DNA. c. Because all genes in the human body are expressed at all times so it is easy to study them. d. All of the above are possible explanations. 1b) What is the purpose of heating the sample to 75°C following addition of the 0.2M NaOH solution? a. To denature the histone proteins that are keeping the DNA tightly coiled. b. To ensure that all the DNA is removed from the swab in preparation for PCR. c. To breakdown the cheek cell membrane to release the DNA from the cell. d. It breaks down the circular DNA down into linear fragments so that they will be easier to visualize.iarrow_forwardWhat strategy does a genetically encoded calcium indicator look like to allow fluorescence imaging of only one cell type in an acute slice of the brain? A.The use of fluorescent protein expression inhibitors in other cells B.The injection of a recombinant virus causing the death of other cells C.The use of a promoter specific to these cells D.Activation of membrane receptors specific to these cellsarrow_forwardSite-directed mutagenesis can be used to: a. treat diseases by gene therapy. b. make single residue mutation of a protein. c. make human insulin for treatment of diabetes. d. determine protein structures. e. determine DNA sequencingarrow_forward
- A particular strain of λ (lambda) can lysogenize its E. coli host at 30°C, but not at 42°C. Could a temperature-sensitive mutation in the int (integrase) gene explain this phenotype? A. There is insufficient information to answer the question. B. No C. Yesarrow_forwardA company that manufactures cleansing products has synthesized two new organic compounds , chemicals A and B, which improve the cleaning power of dishwashing detergents. To determine the mutagenic capacity of the chemicals , the company tested the effect of the chemicals on Salmonella cells requiring histidine to grow ( His- cells ). The table below shows the results of the test . A. Name the test used by the company . B. What does the test detect or estimates ? C. Which chemical (s) would you identify as containing a mutagen ? Why ? D. What is the purpose of test 1 ? Why are colonies detected in test 1? E. Which chemical ( s) would you identify as possible antimutagen ? Why ?arrow_forwardA. What is the pathogen that is attacking bananas today?b. Why is this especially problematic in Africa? C. Why do we expect to lose the war with this pathogen?d. What is random mutagenesis?arrow_forward
- All of the following are true about the design of the Beadle and Tatum experiment (one gene one polypeptide) EXCEPT: A. Used X-rays to generate auxotrophs B. Depended on the use of the bacteria, N. crassa C. Examined the way in which amino acid biosynthesis occurs D. Added nutrient intermediates to rescue lethal mutations included the study of conditional mutants E. Led to the one-gene-one polypeptide hypothesis.arrow_forwardWhat would the correct answer for this order question?arrow_forwardWhich statement is true? a. There is no danger involved in recombinant DNA research in humans. b. Stringent safety rules make the use of recombinant DNA research impossible. c. There is no danger in releasing recombinant organisms into the environment. d. Stringent safety rules make the use of recombinant DNA research possible. e. There is no danger involved in recombinant DNA research in bacteria.arrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of the antibiotic streptomycin? A. it disrupts protein synthesis in resistant bacteria. B. Streptomycin inhibits cell wall synthesis in all bacterial species. C. Streptomycin creates mutations in bacteria which cause them to become resistant. D. It disrupts protein synthesis in nonresistant bacteria.arrow_forwardWhich of the following organisms would be the most likely to have identical copies of the Alu sequence, repeated thousands of times in its genome? A. the Japanese pufferfish B. Escherichia coli C. the chimpanzee D. Fugu rubripes E. the mousearrow_forwardWhat is the purpose of randomization in a randomized controlled trial? a. To ensure that there are fewer adverse effects b. To ensure that participants are unaware as to whether they are receiving the medicine or the placebo c. To ensure that participants in the treatment group and those in the pacebo (or control) group are as similar as possible when the study begins d. To ensure that participants in the trial are representative of the target populationarrow_forward
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